GenChem (Inorganic Chem-Lec)

Inorganic Chemistry

It is concerned with the properties and reactivity of all chemical elements.

Inorganic Chemistry

Its advance interests focus on understanding the role of metals in biology and the environment.

Inorganic Chemistry

The design and properties of materials for energy and information technology.

Inorganic Chemistry

It is not an isolated branch of chemistry.

Inorganic Chemistry

It deals with the chemistry of all non-organic compounds.

Matter

It is the physical material of the universe that occupies space and has mass.

Matter

It is composed of atoms and molecules.

Pure Substances

This major classification of matter has a fixed composition and distinct properties.

Homogeneous Matter

A kind or the same term for pure substances.

Water and Ordinary Table Salt

2 examples of homogeneous matter.

Mixtures

These are matter tat consists of combinations of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity and hence its own properties.

Heterogeneous Mixtures

These are mixtures that do not have the same composition, properties, and appearance throughout.

Homogeneous Mixture

These are mixtures such that the composition and properties are uniform throughout, or, they are the same from point to point throughout the mixture.

Solute

It is the substance that gets dissolved.

Solvent

It is the liquid or gas that does the dissolving.

Solution

The final, uniform liquid or gas mix of the solute and solvent together.

Elements

A type of pure substance that cannot be separated into other substances by any ordinary chemical change.

Homoatomic Molecules

This consists of just one kind of atom that could also be found in elements.

Elements

This could either exist as an individual atom or as a molecule made up of only one atom.

Molecule

A group of atoms bound together as a single unit.

Compounds

A type of pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by any ordinary chemical change.

Compounds

These are composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a definite and constant ratio by weight.

Compounds

These are heteroatomic molecules.

Water (H2O) and Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Examples of compounds.

Metals

These are elements that are good conductor of heat and electricity.

Luster

These shine like silver or has a “distinctive color”

Copper and Gold

These are examples of luster that are good reflectors of heat and light.

Ductile

The ability to be drawn out into fine wire.

Malleable

The ability to be hammered, pounded, or rolled into thin sheets.

High tensile strength

The high resistance from breaking when pulled.

Mercury (Hg)

All metals are solid except this element which is also the only liquid metal.

Non-metals

These are elements that are poor conductor of heat and electricity.

Bromine

A dark red liquid

Carbon, Sulfur, Phosphorus, and Iodine

These are non-metal solids that are neither malleable nor ductile but instead are brittle.

Metals

These are hard with high density and high melting points.

Non-metals

These have low melting points and low densities.

Metalloids

These are elements that have some properties or characteristics of both metals and non-metals.

Metalloids

These are also called as semi-metals or semi-conducting elements.

Boron, Silicon, Aluminum, Germanium, Arsenic, and Antimony

Examples of metalloids.

Acids

These are chemical compounds that contain the hydrogen ion (H+).

Acids

These are ionize in aqueous solutions to form hydrogen ions.

Acid

In aqueous solution, this compound turns blue litmus paper to red.

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4), Nitric Acid (HNO3)

Examples of acids.

Bases

These are chemical substances that contain the hydroxide ions (OH+).

Bases

This dissociate in water to give hydroxide ions.

Bases

In aqueous solution, this compound turn red litmus paper to blue.

Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxide, Calcium Hydroxide.

Examples of bases.

Oxides

These are compounds formed from the reaction of oxygen with another element.

Metallic Oxides

These are compounds formed from the reaction of oxygen with metallic elements.

CaO, FeO, HgO

Examples of metallic oxides.

Non-metallic oxides

These are compounds formed from the reaction of oxygen with non-metallic elements.

CO2, NO2, SO3

Examples of non-metallic oxides.

Salts

These are ionic compounds composed of a metal cation of an aqueous base and the anion from an aqueous acid.

Normal Salts

These are salts composed of one kind of metallic ion and non-metallic ions.

Acidic Salts

These are salts containing an acidic hydrogen ion.

Basic Salts

These are salts containing a hydroxide ion (OH).

Mixed or Complex Salts

These are salts containing more than one kind of metallic ions in its formula.