Final Exam: Serology and BCP Flipcards (Part 2)

Elevated total levels of bilirubin in the blood with bilirubin present in the urine would represent what type of bilirubin?

conjugated bilirubin

A normal HbA1c test is ____

less than 5.7

A 7 year old patient has the following UA results: smoky color, cloudy pH = 6.5, proteins = +3, large amounts of occult bood, negative nitrites, SpG = 1.006, RBCs = 100, WBCs = 4, small amounts of epithelial cells, negative bacteria, 1 granular cast, 5 RBC casts. What is the most likely diagnosis and what serological test would be helpful?

poststreptococcal infection complication; ASOT test would be helpful

What is the differential diagnosis considered with small blood vessel calcification in the hands or feet?

HPT or diabetes

A yellow discoloration of tissue due to elevated levels of bilirubin is called:

jaundice

What is the differential diagnosis for a pathological fracture in an adult?

osteoporosis, lytic mets, multiple myeloma

Elevated uric acid levels in the blood likely indicate:

gout

A rouleaux formation on a CBC would likely suggest:

multiple myeloma

A/an _____ blood test is used to provide an average of the patients blood glucose levels over a 6-12 week period

HbA1c

A normal fasting blood glucose levels is:

70-99 mg/dl

If diabetes is suspected then a/an _____ would be helpful

OGTT

A normal OGTT test at 2 hours should be ____

< 140 mg/dl

Greasy and buttery feces is noted with:

cystic fibrosis

What serological test would be helpful to evaluate bilateral symmetrical sacroiliitis in a young adult?

HLA B27

Black and tarry stools indicate:

upper GI tract bleeding

What is steatorrhea?

fats in the stool

What is the organism that causes syphilis?

treponema pallidium

What is the organism responsible for lyme disease?

borrelia burgdoferi

What tests are considered a SCREENING test or syphilis in the traditional testing algorithm?

VDRL and RPR

What are the joint diseases that are considered seronegative inflammatory joint diseases?

-AS

-psoriatic arthritis

-enteropathic arthritis

-reactive arthritis

What serological test is helpful in determining that a poststreptococcal disease (glomerulonephritis) was due to a previous strep infection?

ASOT

The characteristic circular rash associated with lyme disease is:

erythema migrans

Joint diseases that are considered seropositive inflammatory joint diseases are serologically positive for ____

rheumatoid factor

ANA is a serological test classically used to diagnose:

SLE

If there is an inflammatory looking joint diseases that is affecting only one joint, what is the other diagnosis that is a potential possibility?

infection

A comprehensive biochemical profile could also be called:

complete metabolic panel/comprehensive metabolic panel

Elevated total bilirubin in the blood with no bilirubin in the urine would represent which type of bilirubin?

unconjugated bilirubin

Alkaline phosphatase is elevated in ____ and ____ diseases

liver/post liver ; bone

_____ is elevated with prostate cancer that has metastasized beyond the prostate capsule, especially to bone

acid phosphatase

Increases in ____ bilirubin are highly specific for liver and post liver diseases

conjugated

GGTP is a test used to detect:

liver dysfunction

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is sensitive to the heart and liver, but is more sensitive to:

the heart

Normal GGTP and elevate ALP would suggest:

bone disease (especially blastic component)

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is sensitive to heart and liver disease, but is more sensitive to:

the liver

The most common cause of hypercalcemia in an ambulatory patient is:

primary HPT

Subperiosteal reabsorption of the phalanges would suggest:

HPT

Renal osteodystrophy is due to:

secondary or tertiary HPT

What are the 2 MC reasons for hypercalcemia?

1. primary HPT

2. malignancy

Suspected HPT with elevated calcium levels would suggest:

primary or tertiary HPT

HPT with decreased calcium levels would represent:

secondary HPT or renal osteodystrophy

Secondary or tertiary HPT could also be called:

renal osteodystrophy

Rugger jersey spine is associated with:

HPT

A rugger jersey spine associated with elevated calcium levels and normal kidney function levels would indicate:

primary HPT

Elevated amylase and lipase levels would suggest:

pancreatic problems

The "good" cholesterol is:

HDL

The "bad" cholesterol is:

LDL