test 3 with important info

tibial tuberosity

located on proximal tibia, attachment site of patellar lig

lateral ankle sprain

COMMON, caused by excess inversion

medial ankle sprain

caused by excess eversion

tarsals

calcaneous, navicular, cuboid, talus, 3 cuneiforms

subtalar jt

talus and calcaneous, IR/ER, lateral ankle sprain elevates medial arch of foot

soleus

PF ankle, one of 4 muscles that DOESN’T flex knee

tib anterior

IR foot, DF ankle, antagonist to PF

extensor hallucis longus

extends first toe, DF ankle

3 arches of ft

calcaneous, 1 MT, 5th MT, to distribute weight while walking

ACL

stabilizes knee, prevents tibia from excess anterior movement

unhappy triad

MCL, ACL, meniscus tears

plantar fasciitis

inflammation of the tissue, heel pain, common

jugular notch

groove on top of sternum between clavicles

sternum consists of

manubrium, sternal angle, jugular notch, xiphoid process

spinal curves

lordotic C/L, kyphotic T/S

atlantoaxial jt

for shaking head no left to right/side to side

costovertebral jt

articulation between ribs and thoracic spine

reduction

coming back up from lateral flexion

quadratus lumbodorum

lat tilt, during unilateral contraction there is hip hiking/elevated pelvis

transverse abdominus

forceful exhalation from contraction/compression of abdomen

diaphragm

increases thoracic volume, inhalation pulls central tendon inferiorly, exhalation pulls central tendon superiorly

intercostals

affect rib movement

serratus posterior

inferior depresses ribs during exhalation, superior elevates ribs during inhalation

femoral triangle

adductor longus, inguinal lig, sartorius

ischial tuberosity

sits bone

quads action

knee extension, but rectus femoris is also hip flexion

hamstring

med/lat rot occurs only when knee is flexed

gluteus maximus

primary hip extensor, abd hip and lat rot of hip

gracilis

only muscle crossing tibiofemoral jt

piriformis action

lat rot hip, abd hip during hip flexion

piriformis syndrome

nerve compressed by external rotator muscle in glutes

iliopsoas

prime hip flexor

sartorius

action when crossing your legs

hip dysplasia

congential, when head of femur doesn’t fit in acetabulum, leads to joint instability

total hip replacement

damaged parts of jts replaced with ceramic or mechanical after being removed