1.3 Horomes and psychoactive drugs

Adrenaline

Hormone; aka epinephrine, helps with response to high emotional situation, helps form memories

Leptin

hormone; produced by fat; helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger; long term hunger

Ghrelin

hormone; produced in stomach; signs to brain that we are hungry, helps promote release of growth hormone; short- term hunger

Melatonin

hormone; produced by pineal gland, helps regulate circadian rhythms; promotes sleep

Oxytocin

hormone; produced in hypothalamus, released by pituitary gland; promotes feelings of affect and emotional bonding

agonist

molecule that increase neurotransmitter’s action

antagonist

molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter’s action

reuptake inhibitors

blocks reabsorption of transmitters back into cell `

Stimulants

drug that excites neural activity and speeds up body functions (caffeine, cocaine, nicotine)

Depressants

drug that reduces neural activity and slows body functions (alcohol, barbiturates)

Hallucinogens

psychedelic drugs that distorts perceptions and cognition (marijuana, magic mushroom, LSD )

Opioids

drug that depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety (morphine, opioid, heroin)