WFC134L: Anurans

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Description and Tags

Herpetology

WFC`134

Anurans

Frog

Amphibians

75 Terms

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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>&gt;50 species (less than)</p></li><li><p><strong>Tongueless</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • >50 species (less than)

  • Tongueless


Pipidae

<p>Pipidae<br></p>
2
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>pointed snout</strong></p></li><li><p>smoll gape</p></li><li><p>1 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • pointed snout

  • smoll gape

  • 1 species


Rhinophrynidae

<p>Rhinophrynidae</p>
3
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>pointed projection over eyes</strong></p></li><li><p>look like leaf</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>200+ species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • pointed projection over eyes

  • look like leaf

  • 200+ species


Megophryidae

<p>Megophryidae</p>
4
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>huge gape</strong></p></li><li><p>lack paratoid glands</p></li><li><p>large flat head with eyes on top</p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • huge gape

  • lack paratoid glands

  • large flat head with eyes on top

  • >10 species (less than)


Calyptocephalellidae

<p>Calyptocephalellidae</p>
5
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>spade</strong></p></li><li><p>~10 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • spade

  • ~10 species


Scaphiopodidae

<p>Scaphiopodidae</p>
6
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>many variation in color</p></li><li><p><strong>toe scutes</strong></p></li><li><p>tear drop shape body</p></li><li><p>&lt;100 species (greater)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • many variation in color

  • toe scutes

  • tear drop shape body

  • <100 species (greater)


Dendrobatidae

<p>Dendrobatidae</p>
7
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>toepads </strong></p></li><li><p>colorful</p></li><li><p>subsaharan africa</p></li><li><p>&lt;100 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • toepads

  • colorful

  • subsaharan africa

  • <100 species


Hyperoliidae

<p>Hyperoliidae</p>
8
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>Dorsolateral fold different color</p></li><li><p>webbed toes (on hind)</p></li><li><p>striped hind legs</p></li><li><p>&lt;500 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Dorsolateral fold different color

  • webbed toes (on hind)

  • striped hind legs

  • <500 species


Ranidae

<p>Ranidae</p>
9
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Warty</strong></p></li><li><p>Paratoid gland</p></li><li><p>looks grumpy</p></li><li><p>&lt;500 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Warty

  • Paratoid gland

  • looks grumpy

  • <500 species


Bufonidae

<p>Bufonidae</p>
10
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>Tiny gape</p></li><li><p><strong>fold right behind their head</strong></p></li><li><p>tympanum absent</p></li><li><p>~700 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Tiny gape

  • fold right behind their head

  • tympanum absent

  • ~700 species


Microhylidae

<p>Microhylidae</p>
11
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>pointed nose</p></li><li><p>no horns</p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • pointed nose

  • no horns

  • >10 species (less than)


Rhinodermatidae

<p>Rhinodermatidae</p>
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Makes foam nest</strong></p></li><li><p>&lt;100 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Makes foam nest

  • <100 species


Leptodactylidae

<p>Leptodactylidae</p>
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>Toepads</p></li><li><p><strong>Madagascar </strong></p></li><li><p>uses a strange mode of amplexus</p></li><li><p>&lt;100 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Toepads

  • Madagascar

  • uses a strange mode of amplexus

  • <100 species


Mantellidae

<p>Mantellidae</p>
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>toe pads</strong></p></li><li><p>worldwide</p></li><li><p>smoll</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>~1k species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • toe pads

  • worldwide

  • smoll

  • ~1k species


Hylidae

<p>Hylidae</p>
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>huge gape</p></li><li><p><strong>very round head</strong></p></li><li><p>~ 10 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • huge gape

  • very round head

  • ~ 10 species


Ceratophryidae

<p>Ceratophryidae</p>
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>tail </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>internal fertilization</strong></p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • tail

  • internal fertilization

  • >10 species (less than)


Ascaphidae

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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>unken reflex</strong></p></li><li><p>bright red belly</p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • unken reflex

  • bright red belly

  • >10 species (less than)


Bombinatoridae

<p>Bombinatoridae</p>
18
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<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>&lt;300 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • <300 species


Rhacophoridae
Wallace’s flying frog (know this)

19
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<p>Family? (hint: spiny chest)</p><ul><li><p>Spiny chest</p></li><li><p>~ 30 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family? (hint: spiny chest)

  • Spiny chest

  • ~ 30 species


Alsodidae

20
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>tail </strong></p></li><li><p>special concern</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • tail

  • special concern


Ascaphidae
Ascaphus truei
Coastal tailed frog

<p>Ascaphidae<br>Ascaphus truei<br>Coastal tailed frog</p>
21
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>very flat</strong></p></li><li><p>eyes on top of head</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • very flat

  • eyes on top of head


Pipidae
Xenopus laevis
African clawed frog

<p>Pipidae<br>Xenopus laevis<br>African clawed frog</p>
22
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>no boss (no raised nose)</p></li><li><p><strong>almond shape spade (though hard to tell on specimen)</strong></p></li><li><p>widespread</p></li><li><p>Special Concern</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • no boss (no raised nose)

  • almond shape spade (though hard to tell on specimen)

  • widespread

  • Special Concern


Scaphiopodidae
Spea hammondii
Western spadefoot toad

<p>Scaphiopodidae<br>Spea hammondii<br>Western spadefoot toad</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>no boss (no raised nose)</p></li><li><p><strong>sickle shaped spade (though hard to tell on specimen)</strong></p></li><li><p>South-east California</p></li><li><p>Special Concern</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • no boss (no raised nose)

  • sickle shaped spade (though hard to tell on specimen)

  • South-east California

  • Special Concern


Scaphiopodida
Scaphiopus couchii
Couch’s spadefoot toad

<p>Scaphiopodida<br>Scaphiopus couchii<br>Couch’s spadefoot toad</p>
24
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>boss on nose</strong></p></li><li><p>North East California</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • boss on nose

  • North East California


Scaphiopodidae
Spea intermontana
Great basin Spadefoot toad

<p>Scaphiopodidae<br>Spea intermontana<br>Great basin Spadefoot toad</p>
25
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Sierra Nevada Mountains</strong></p></li><li><p>Endangered</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Sierra Nevada Mountains

  • Endangered


Ranidae
Rana sierrae
Sierra Nevada Yellow-legged frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana sierrae <br>Sierra Nevada Yellow-legged frog</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>southern Sierra Nevada</p></li><li><p>Endangered</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • southern Sierra Nevada

  • Endangered


Ranidae
Rana muscosa
Southern Mountain Yellow-Legged Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana muscosa<br>Southern Mountain Yellow-Legged Frog</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>dorsolateral fold segmented </strong></p></li><li><p>not as heavily spotted</p></li><li><p>leopard spotting</p></li><li><p>introduced</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • dorsolateral fold segmented

  • not as heavily spotted

  • leopard spotting

  • introduced


Ranidae
Rana berlandieri
Rio Grande Leopard Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana berlandieri<br>Rio Grande Leopard Frog</p>
28
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>dorsolateral fold not segmented</strong></p></li><li><p>spotted heavily with lighter circle outline</p></li><li><p>leopard spotting</p></li><li><p>Special Concern</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • dorsolateral fold not segmented

  • spotted heavily with lighter circle outline

  • leopard spotting

  • Special Concern


Ranidae
Rana pipiens
Northern Leopard Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana pipiens<br>Northern Leopard Frog<br></p>
29
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Underside of hind legs: Yellow</p></li><li><p>Face lack distinct coloration</p></li><li><p>California Foothills</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Underside of hind legs: Yellow

  • Face lack distinct coloration

  • California Foothills


Ranidae
Rana boylii
Foothill Yellow-legged Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana boylii<br>Foothill Yellow-legged Frog</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Distinct dorsolateral line</p></li><li><p><strong>Distinct spots along back, outlined</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Distinct dorsolateral line

  • Distinct spots along back, outlined


Ranidae
Rana cascadae
Cascades Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana cascadae<br>Cascades Frog</p>
31
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Dorsolateral fold</p></li><li><p>Jaw color doesn’t reach leg</p></li><li><p><strong>No vocal sac</strong></p></li><li><p>less spots</p></li><li><p><strong>North west California</strong></p></li><li><p>Special Concern</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Dorsolateral fold

  • Jaw color doesn’t reach leg

  • No vocal sac

  • less spots

  • North west California

  • Special Concern


Ranidae
Rana aurora
Northern Red-Legged Frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana aurora<br>Northern Red-Legged Frog</p>
32
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Dorsolateral fold</p></li><li><p><strong>striped legs</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>spotted dorsal</strong></p></li><li><p>California widespread</p></li><li><p>Threatened (ESA)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Dorsolateral fold

  • striped legs

  • spotted dorsal

  • California widespread

  • Threatened (ESA)


Ranidae
Rana draytonii
California red-legged frog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana draytonii<br>California red-legged frog</p>
33
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Black dorsal</strong></p></li><li><p>mottled ventral</p></li><li><p>Threatened (State)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Black dorsal

  • mottled ventral

  • Threatened (State)


Bufonidae
Bufo exsul
Black Toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo exsul<br>Black Toad</p>
34
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Flat parotoid glands that are close</strong></p></li><li><p>only in Sierra Nevada</p></li><li><p>High Elevation</p></li><li><p>Threatened (ESA)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Flat parotoid glands that are close

  • only in Sierra Nevada

  • High Elevation

  • Threatened (ESA)


Bufonidae
Bufo canorus
Yosemite Toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo canorus<br>Yosemite Toad</p>
35
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>white dorsal stripe</strong></p></li><li><p>oval parotoids that are well separated </p></li><li><p>widespread </p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • white dorsal stripe

  • oval parotoids that are well separated

  • widespread


Bufonidae
Bufo boreas
Western Toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo boreas<br>Western Toad</p>
36
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Faint white dorsal stripe</p></li><li><p>less elongated parotoid gland</p></li><li><p>spots not related to wart locations</p></li><li><p><strong>Cranial crest hugs around eye</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Faint white dorsal stripe

  • less elongated parotoid gland

  • spots not related to wart locations

  • Cranial crest hugs around eye


Bufonidae
Bufo cognatus
Great Plains Toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo cognatus<br>Great Plains Toad</p>
37
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>Pointy nose</p></li><li><p>Red warts</p></li><li><p><strong>round parotoid gland, smaller than eye or the same size</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Pointy nose

  • Red warts

  • round parotoid gland, smaller than eye or the same size


Bufonidae
Bufo punctatus
Red Spotted Toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo punctatus<br>Red Spotted Toad</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>elongated parotoid glands</p></li><li><p>distinct white dorsal stripe</p></li><li><p>Spots match wart location</p></li><li><p><strong>L cranial crest</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • elongated parotoid glands

  • distinct white dorsal stripe

  • Spots match wart location

  • L cranial crest


Bufonidae
Bufo woodhousii
Rocky Mountain toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo woodhousii<br>Rocky Mountain toad</p>
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Lack eye stripe</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Toe pads</strong></p></li><li><p>Southwest California</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Lack eye stripe

  • Toe pads

  • Southwest California


Hylidae
Pseudacris cadaverina
California Tree frog

<p>Hylidae<br>Pseudacris cadaverina<br>California Tree frog</p>
40
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Dark eye stripe</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Toe pads</strong></p></li><li><p>Widespread in California</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • Dark eye stripe

  • Toe pads

  • Widespread in California


Hylidae
Pseudacris regilla
Pacific Treefrog

<p>Hylidae<br>Pseudacris regilla<br>Pacific Treefrog</p>
41
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<p>Family + species?</p><ul><li><p>No dorsal stripe</p></li><li><p>No prominent cranial crests</p></li><li><p>Endangered</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • No dorsal stripe

  • No prominent cranial crests

  • Endangered


Bufonidae
Bufo californicus
Arroyo toad

<p>Bufonidae<br>Bufo californicus<br>Arroyo toad</p>
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<p>Which Bufonidae Range?</p>

Which Bufonidae Range?

Bufo canorus
Yosemite Toad

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<p>Which Bufonidae range</p>

Which Bufonidae range

Bufo boreas
Western Toad

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<p>Which Ranidae range</p>

Which Ranidae range

Rana cascadae
Cascades Frog

45
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<p>Which ranidae range</p>

Which ranidae range

Rana boylii
Foothill Yellow-legged Frog

46
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<p>Which Ranidae range</p>

Which Ranidae range

Red: Rana sierrae (Sierra Nevada yellow-legged frog)
Orange: Rana muscosa (Mountain yellow-legged frog)

47
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<p>Which Ranidae range</p>

Which Ranidae range

Red: Rana aurora (Northern red-legged frog)
Orange: Rana draytonii (California red-legged frog)

48
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<p>Which Scaophiopodidae range</p>

Which Scaophiopodidae range

L: Scaphiopus couchii (Couch’s spadefoot toad)
M: Spea hammondii (Western spadefoot toad)
R: Spea intermontana (Great Basin spadefoot toad)

49
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Which frog is endangered? (Name at least one)

Bufo californicus

Rana muscosa

Rana sierrae

50
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Which frog is state threatened?

Bufo exsul

Black Toad

51
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Species of special concern? (Name at least one)

Ascaphus truei

Rana aurora

Rana pipiens

Scaphiopus couchii

Spea hammondii

52
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Which frog is federally threatened? (Name at least one)

Bufo canorus

Rana draytonii

53
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<p><span>Family + species?</span></p><ul><li><p><strong>distinct tympanum</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>no dorsolateral fold</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>LARGEEEE</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family + species?

  • distinct tympanum

  • no dorsolateral fold

  • LARGEEEE


Ranidae
Rana catesbeiana
American Bullfrog

<p>Ranidae<br>Rana catesbeiana<br>American Bullfrog</p>
54
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What frog call is this?

Rana boylii

55
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What frog call is this?

Pseudacris regilla

56
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What frog call is this?

Bufo boreas

57
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What frog call is this?

Spea hammondii

58
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What frog call is this?

Rana catesbeiana

59
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What frog call is this?

Rana pipiens

60
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What frog call is this?

Rana draytonii

61
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Which family has type I tadpole mouth? (Just know at least one)

  • Pipidae

  • Rhinophrynidae


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Which family has type II tadpole mouth? (Just know at least one)

  • Microhylidae


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Which family has type III tadpole mouth? (Just know at least one)

  • Ascaphidae

  • Bombinatoridae


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Which family has type IV tadpole mouth? (Just know at least one)

Majority of anurans

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<p>What is this called?</p>

What is this called?

Tympanum

66
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<p>What is this called?</p>

What is this called?

Spadefoot

67
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<p>What is this called?</p>

What is this called?

Paratoid gland

68
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<p>What is the air bubble called?</p>

What is the air bubble called?

Vocal sac

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<p>What is this called?</p>

What is this called?

Dorsolateral fold

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<p>What is this mass called on the 4th toe?</p>

What is this mass called on the 4th toe?

Nuptial pad

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<p>What are the toes called in this dart poison frog?</p>

What are the toes called in this dart poison frog?

Toe scutes

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<p>What are the toes called in this chorus frog called?</p>

What are the toes called in this chorus frog called?

Toe pads (or discs)

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Order the number of species in each family from Greatest to Least:
Pipidae, Ranidae, Dendobatidae, Rhinophrynidae

Ranidae, Dendrobatidae, Pipidae, Rhinophrynidae

74
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Why are frog populations declining?


  • invasive species

  • pollution/pesticides

  • climate change

  • Chytrid fungus

  • habitat loss


75
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What is a non-native species of anuran?

Rana catesbeiana
American Bullfrog

Rana berlandieri
Rio Grande Leopard Frog