Bio150 exam 1(3)

Fluctuations in pH can disrupt enzyme activity and cellular processes, leading to health issues.

In human blood, why is maintaining a constant pH critical for overall health?

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Which of the following substances, when added to a solution, will increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)?

Electrons in the outermost energy level

What are valence electrons?

Covalent bonds

Which of the following holds the atoms together in a water molecule (H2O)?

It increases the kinetic energy of molecules.

How does an increase in temperature affect the kinetic energy of molecules in a substance?

The energy of motion in particles.

Which of the following best defines kinetic energy in the context of thermal dynamics?

Moles of solute per liter of solution

How do you calculate the molarity of a solution?

Unequal sharing of electrons

Which of the following describes polarity in molecules?

Capillary action in plants.

Which of the following demonstrates the property of cohesion?

Positive

What is the charge of a proton?

A positively charged ion

Which of the following best defines a cation?

Ionic bond

What type of bond forms between a cation and an anion?

It surrounds and stabilizes ions

What is the role of water in the formation of a hydration shell?

It increases the stomach's pH and neutralizes stomach acid.

How do antacids such as sodium bicarbonate give relief from Gastroesophageal reflux disease?

The ability of an atom to attract electrons

What is electronegativity?

It donates protons (H+)

What is the primary characteristic of an acid?

Carbon-14

Which of the following is an isotope of Carbon?

Electron

Which particle is found outside the nucleus of an atom?

it is the energy required to convert 1g of liquid to the gaseous state.

Which of the following statements regarding heat of vaporization is correct?

A metal and a nonmetal

An ionic compound is usually formed between which types of elements?