12 Principles: Squash & Stretch

What is squash and stretch?

An animation principle that changes an object's shape during movement to show flexibility, impact and weight while maintaining its overall volume.

What is squash?

When an object becomes flatter and wider.

What is stretch?

When an object becomes longer and thinner.

Why do animators use squash and stretch?

To communicate weight, flexibility, impact and movement.

Give an example of squash.

A bouncing ball becoming flatter when it hits the ground.

Give an example of stretch.

A ball becoming longer in the direction it travels.

What should happen to an object's volume during squash and stretch?

Its overall volume should appear approximately consistent.

How can squash and stretch show weight?

A heavier-looking impact may produce a more noticeable squash.

What is the memory trick for squash and stretch?

Squash = short and wide; stretch = long and thin.