Chapter 5 vocab (unit 1)

Civil rights

policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals.

14th amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted after the Civil War, that states, “no state shall make or enforce any law, which shall a bridge, the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; That nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor denied to any person within, it’s true addiction, the equal protection of the law.” it is the first and only part of the constitution to invoke the idea of equality.

equal protection of the laws

Part of the 14th amendment, emphasizing that the laws must provide equivalent “protection” to all people.

Suffrage

Legal right to vote, extended to African-Americans by the 15th amendment, to women by the 19th amendment, into 18 to 20-year-olds by the 26th amendment.

15th amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1870 to extend suffrage toAfrican-Americans.

19th amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 they guaranteed women the right to vote.

24th amendment

26th amendment

Affirmative action

A lot designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African-American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African-Americans registered to vote, and the number of African-American elected officials increased dramatically.

Voting rights act of 1965

A lot designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African-American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African-Americans registered to vote, and the number of African-American elected officials increased dramatically.

Equal rights amendment

A constitutional amendment originally introduced in Congress in 1923 and passed by Congress in 1972, stating that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.“ Despite public support, the amendment fell short of the ¾ of state legislators required for passage.

American with disabilities act

Allah passed the 1990 that requires employers in public facilities to make “reasonable accommodations” for people with disabilities and prohibits discrimination against these individuals and employment.

Hernandez v. Texas

1954 Supreme Court decision that extended protection against discrimination to Hispanics

Korematsu v. United States

A 1944 Supreme Court decision that upheld as constitutional the internment of more than 100,000 Americans of Japanese descendants in encampment during World War II.

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

In 1978 Supreme Court decision holding that state university may weigh race or ethnic background as one element in admissions, but may not set a sad places for members of particular racial groups.

Plessy v. Ferguson

1886 Supreme Court decision that provided a constitutional justification for segregation by ruling the Louisiana law requiring “equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races” was unconstitutional.