CODY MON Exam 2

Osteoarthritis is primarily caused by which of the following causes

Wear and tear of joint cartilage

The coxal bone is formed from what parts

Ilium, ishium, and pubis

Rheumatoid arthritis is typically caused by which of the following

An autoimmune response that attack joint tissue

Which of the following best describes a displaced, complete, open fracture?

The bone is broken all the way through, ends are out of alignment, and the skin is penetrated

Which of the following strata is only found in thick skin

Stratum lucidum

Which of the following are commonly associated age related changes occurring to the skin

All of the above (Epidermis is thinner, Collagen decreases, Elasticity decreases, Skin cancer increases)

The concentric rings of calcified intercellular substance arranged around Haversian canals are called....

Lamellae

In a structure, which is ..... movable, bones are connected by....

Not; short connective tissue fibers

Stability in a synovial joint is primarily contributed by which of the following structures

Muscles and tendons surrounding the joint

Which best describes why the hip joint is generally more stable than the shoulder joint

The hip socket is deeper than the shoulder socket providing more structural support

Synovial and fibrous joint?

Synovial joints are fluid filled, fibrous joints are not

Main function of the skin

Providing a protective physical and chemical barrier

Which dermal layer contains densely packed collagen fibers and represents the toughest layer of the skin?

Reticular layer

What type of arthritis affects joints in a more systemic manner

Rheumatoid arthritis

Basic functional unit of a compact bone

Osteon

Condition in female newborn affecting the pubic symphysis and leading to hip joint instability and dislocation

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Why do keratinocytes die once they reach the top of the epidermis?

They are cut off from nutrients

Weakness in rotator cuff muscles can lead to shoulder subluxation

True

The ..... is avascular, making it less likely to bleed from the skin

Epidermis

Which cell type provides immune protection within the epidermis?

Langerhans cells

What type of connective tissue is pubic symphysis

Fibrocartilage

The importance of melanin in the integumentary system

Provides protection against the damaging effects of UV radiation

A newborns head was able to fit through the vaginal canal partly due to ...... in the skull

Fontanels

Function of the appendicular skeleton

facilitate movement and support attachment of limbs

The most common risk factor for skin cancer

Excessive UV radiation exposure

Hypothesize how a pregnancy would affect vertebrae curvature

The lumbar curvature would be greater

Highly mobile but relatively unstable and more prone to dislocation joint?

Shoulder joint

Complete thickness burn extending to the reticular layer of the dermis

Third degree burns

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis and the intervertebral disks considered?

Symphysis joint

diaphysis vs. epiphysis of a bone

The diaphysis is the middle portion of long bones, while the epiphysis is the end of long bones

The acetabulum is formed by what bone

Ilium, ischium, pubis

Vitamin D3 is important for the absorption of what biologically important ion?

Calcium

The process of new bone formation

Osteogenesis

A sunburn causing blisters to form between the dermis and epidermis. What degree of burns would this be ?

Second degree burns

Stretch marks are a result of.... tearing due to pregnancy or extreme weight gain

Elastic and collagen fibers

A person lies comatose in bed for 6 months. You would expect their bone density to be

less than normal for their age

Skin cancer considered least malignant, more proliferate, affecting the cells of the stratum Basale and majority are resolved by surgical excision?

Basal cell carcinoma

Best definition of axial skeleton

skull, rib cage, vertebrae

hypoxia would cause what clinical homeostatic imbalance causing a blue colorization to appear of the skin?

Cyanosis

Correct order of phases of bone healing after a fracture

Inflammatory, soft callus, hard callus, remodeling

The stratum of the epidermis contains cells undergoing mitosis

Stratum Basale

2 different types of bone tissue

compact bone and spongy bone

To make skin less sensitive to UV radiation you would modify

Increase the amount of melanin in the epidermis

Skin appears yellow

jaundice

Function of osteoblasts vs. osteoclast

Osteoclasts resorb bone, while osteoblast make new bone

Which of the following correctly describes a function of the synovial membrane in synovial joints?

It secretes synovial fluid that lubricates the joint, absorbs shock, and nourishes cartilage

Melanoma manifests as a asymmetrical brown or black irregular patches on the skin. These are caused by the uncontrolled cell growth of what pigment producing cell?

Melanocytes

Despite the hot and dry conditions the people have not dried up to a crisp. What layer of the epidermis is responsible?

Stratum Corneum

Over activity of osteoclasts would have which of the following effects?

Bone loss, possibly leading to osteoporosis