General Provision on Extinguishment of Obligations

Vocabulary flashcards covering the primary and additional causes of the extinguishment of obligations, as well as Castan's classification of voluntary and involuntary modes.

Payment or performance

A primary cause of extinguishment of obligations, classified by Castan under voluntary modes through performance.

Loss of the thing due

A cause of extinguishment of obligations, classified by Castan under involuntary modes by reason of the object.

Condonation or remission of the debt

A cause of extinguishment classified by Castan under voluntary modes as a release agreement subsequent to the constitution of the obligation.

Confusion or merger of rights

The meeting of the rights of creditor and debtor in one person, classified by Castan as an involuntary mode of extinguishment by reason of the subject.

Compensation

One of the six primary causes of extinguishment of obligations explicitly enumerated alongside payment, loss, remission, confusion, and novation.

Novation

A cause of extinguishment of obligations classified by Castan under voluntary modes as an act of substitution.

Dacion en pago

Conveyance for payment; classified by Castan under voluntary modes of extinguishment as a form of substitution.

Consignation

A voluntary mode of extinguishment categorized by Castan under the heading of performance, alongside payment.

Death of a party (Art. 1311, par. 1.)

An additional cause of extinguishing an obligation where the obligation is personal, classified by Castan as involuntary by reason of the subject.

Mutual desistance or withdrawal

An additional cause of extinguishment of obligations recognized outside the list in Article 1231.

Compromise (Art. 2028.)

An additional cause of extinguishment of obligations recognized in the Civil Code outside Article 1231.

Happening of a fortuitous event (Art. 1174.)

An occurrence that serves as an additional cause of extinguishment of obligations.

Extinctive prescription

An involuntary mode of extinguishing obligations that occurs by reason of failure to exercise a right of action.

Extinctive period

A voluntary mode of extinguishment classified by Castan as a release agreement simultaneous to the constitution of the obligation.