French Revolution 9th Grade

how long did the French revolution last?

1789 to 1792

what form of government did France have in the beginning of the French revolution?

Absolute monarchy

Louis XVI

Terrible ruler showed very little interest in responsibility and enjoyed social and fancy aspects

Who did the Noble’s get their power back from?( Under who’s ruling)

Louis XVI

during the old regime, how did France dominate England?

Military And culturally

all society was divided by What?

Three Estates

first estate

Clergy

Who was a part of the clergy?

Catholic Church people, and officials

what percent of the population was clergy and how much percent of the land did they own?

Clergy was one percent of the population and they own 10% of the land

what was the stand for money at the time?

How much land you owned

what did the clergy provide to France?

Schools, churches, orphanage, and hospitals

Second estate

Nobility

what was nobility?

Official titles that were often by Family or job (Meaning you could be born into this estate.)

what percent of the population was the nobility and how much of the land did they own?

They took up 2% of the population and they owned 20% of land

how much, in percentage, did the first two estates pay in taxes

0%

why was the first two states paying zero taxes such a big problem

It was not fair nor equal, and started to bring back enlightenment ideas of equality

third estate

Everyone else

Who made up the third estate?

People are not a member of the clergy or nobility

how much percent of the population was the third estate and how much land did they own?

they were 97% of the population and they own 70% of land

bourgeoisie

Wealthy families in third state

Who made up the bourgeoisie?

Wealthy families that didn’t have a title such as doctors lawyers, etc.

how much percent of taxes did the third estate pay?

100%

what was a big force of change to France?

The American Revolution

why was the American Revolution a big force of change to France?

As the French Watch, the Americans use the alignment ideas it inspired them to apply locke’s ideas of right to revolution

what were some enlightenment ideas that played a role in some of France’s changes?

Right revolution, separation of powers, and consent of government

what was one big problem in France? Had money wise

They were in huge debt

what are some reason reasons of why France was in debt?

Wars, previous kings, deficit spending, and system of taxes

monarchy ( who)

Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI

where was Marie Antoinette from and how did she come to France?

Marie was from Austria and she came to France by an arranged marriage

why was Marie being from Austria important

Austria was seen as an enemy to France at the time

what was the nickname they called Marie Antoinette?

Madame deficit

what did Marie often spend lots of money on?

Hair, clothes, and gambling

How was Louis XVI ruling style

he was a procrastinator and didn’t care for ruling the people

Who does Louis call for to make a decision about the debt in France?

Assembly of notables

what was the assembly of notables?

A meeting of representatives of the first and second Estates to address the financial problems in France

what does Louis suggest at the assembly of notables to the first and second estate

He suggest that they allow him to tax the first and second estates

since the first and second states told him no to taxing them what does this force Louis to do?

call for a meeting of the estates general

what was the estate general?

Representatives of all three states to come up with a solution

How did the estates general voting work

All states have the same voting power and talk separately, then announce their votes

what was the issue with the estates voting system?

The first and second estate always outvoted the third

since the third state always gets outvoted, What do they eventually do?

They suggest some changes

what were some of the changes that the third states offered for the voting system?

Vote in the same area and vote by person not by estate

what happens after the third states suggestions on voting changes were denied

third state, gross frustrated, and boycott the states general

what does the third estate do after they boycott the states of general

they invite everyone from all states to join them and call themselves the national assembly

what was the national assembly?

third estate with others from first and second state after boycotting the estates general

Who was Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes

rich member of the clergy who is sympathetic to the third estate

what was the name of the speech Emmanuel Joseph sieyes gave called

what is the third estate?

what did this speech?

“What is the third estate” Say

it says the third estate is everything and has been nothing and demands to be something

what would voting by head look like?

First state gets 300 votes second estate gets 300 votes and they would double the third estate meaning the third estate get 600 votes

what was the national assembly viewed as by Louis XVI

They reviewed as a threat to his power and he wants them to come back to the estates general

what does Louis XVI do after the national assembly refuses to join the estate general again?

he locks them out of the voting building that they meet in

where Does the national assembly go after being locked out?

Tennis court

what does the national assembly pledge to do?

They pledge to not stop meeting at the tennis court until they make a new constitution

how does Louis XBI respond to the tennis court oath?

He responds by getting prepared with extra guards in Versailles

what views did the others, outside the national assembly, have on the national assembly and their actions

They saw their actions as violent and a sign of them doing something to attack

Who was Jacquees Necker?

He was a financial minister liked by most in the third state

what does Jacquees Necker advocate for that eventually gets him fired?

He advocates for fair things like taxing upper states

what does Louis XVI do to Jacquees Necker that is seen as a sign

He fires him

what major event took place on July 14, 1789

The storming of the Bastille

how did the storming of the Bestie come about?

National assembly wants to acquire more gunpowder and the only way they can get it, is to get it from the Bastille.

when the national assembly arrives at the Bastille, the head of the Bastille refuses to give them gunpowder, So an angry mob of soldier storms, the Bastille

what happens to the head of the Bastille?

He is murdered, decapitated an angry mob pit, his head on a stick

what did they do to the Bastille after it was stormed

They tore down brick by brick

what was the great fear?

Peasant rebellion

Fear that there would be a consequence For storming the Bastille

Fear that Nobles were going to take their anger out on the peasants

what were the peasants convinced the nobles were thinking during the great fear

They were convinced that the nobles will harm them so, they thought they were harm the nobles first before they could harm any of the peasants

what happened to a lot of the Nobles during the great fear?

They were killed

what and when was the March of women

October 5-6, 1789. The march Of women was a spontaneous demonstration of Parisian women for bread

how far did the women in the March of women March?

12 miles to Versailles

what were the women looking for during the March of women

They were looking to kill Marie Antoinette

how did Marie Antoinette escape the women

Through tunnels under the castle

what were the results of the March of women?

they wanted the King and Queen to see how they were struggling in Paris

what was the only way for the king and queen to really see their struggles?

If they leave Versailles and come to live in Paris

what was the tricolor?

Symbolic colors, Blue, Red= Paris, White= Bourbons

why did people wear the colors of the tricolor?

It was a fashionable way to show their solidarity to the revolution

what were the National Assemblies two biggest accomplishments?

Declaration of rights of man and citizen

The civil constitution of the clergy

what was the declaration of The rights of men and citizen

Lots of alignment ideas from previous philosphoes

what was the civil constitution of the clergy?

Places to church under the government control, pope and clergy no longer have power over the church

what was the reason for the civil Constitution of the

Since the church in France had a lot of land now that the government owned it, the government acquired that land. Also, since the government was a debt giving them the power over the clergy, gave them the clergy money too.

After worrying about his safety in France, what does Louis XVI try to do

He tries to leave France and go to Austria

what happens when Louis XVI tries to leave France?

They stop him from leaving and force him back to Paris

what did the new constitution in France do

Limited the power of the monarchy and limited Louis XVI’s power

what are some of the divisions in France?

Radicals, moderates, Conservatives, emerges, sans-culottes

what was the legislative assembly?

Assembly that made laws and decisions on declaring war

what were the radicals views on change?

To fix problems, you have to embrace change they wanted big changes

what were the moderates views on change?

they also think change is good but one in normal amount of changes not big changes

what were the conservatives views on change?

They wanted as little change as possible

Who and what did the émigrés believe?

They embraced the I don’t wanna be here mindset and didn’t like the revolution so they left the country due to the revolution

Who were the Sans- Culottes

often described as without pants, their name was to symbolize that they were without a certain type of pants. They were working class blue-collar.

Who were some people in places that wanted to see Louis XVI back in power?

Austria, Russia, emigres

what was the declaration of pillnitz

A statement promising to protect the monarchy

what did the legislative assembly do after the declaration of Pillnitz was issued?

They declared war on Austria

what was the quick war?

A war between France, Austria, and Prussia

what does Prussia respond to the quick war with?

Brunswick manifesto

what was the Brunswick manifesto?

A statement saying, if there’s any harm to the royal family, we prussia will destroy Paris

how does Paris respond to the Brunswick manifesto

They say if you don’t want anything to happen to the royal family stand down. And they do and the war ends

what is the radical feeling all over France about the royal family?

The feeling of as long as the Royal family is alive. The revolution is in jeopardy

what does the national convention declare about the Monarchy

They declared that the king is out and they are establishing a republic

what is the republic of France’s Three words slogan?

Liberty, equality, and fraternity

what is a republic?

A government ran by elective representatives

what is 789 in Roman numerals

DCCLXXXIX

What is MMDCLXXVII

2,677