Term one Neuroanatomy

What is Neuroscience

study of things related to the NS

What does Neuroscience include?

anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, surgery

What are the structural division of the NS

Central

Peripheral

PNS

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

Peripheral Ganglia

CNS

Brain and SC

(what we focus on in the class

Cranial Nerves

12 pairs

know names

numbered with roman numerals

Spinal nerves

31 pairs

regularly numbered

named by region attached to

how many cranial nerves, spinal, pairs, total?

cranial= 12 pairs

spinal= 31 pairs

pairs=43

total nerves= 86 (that extend off the CNS)

Peripheral Ganglia

Places where one neuron synapses to another neuron

CNS anatomy structure includes

Spinal cord and cerebellum

Gray Matter

what does it do: synapses neuron to neuron (send message)

Where is it: in brain and SC

White matter

fibers: send info one place to another

What are the functional subdivision sof the nervous system

somatic

Autonomic/visceral

Somatic

concsious control

Voluntary (contract muscle to do something)

Divides into two divisions: efferent and afferent

Involves both the CNS and PNS

Cholinergic

Efferent

moves aways from CNS and to SKM (motor)

Afferent

Moves toward CNS (sensory)

Cholinergic

neurons release ACH, let muscles know that it is time to contract

anything that is affected by ACH

SC cross section PNS

Afferent, only one neuron in PNS (cell body)

Cell body outside of the SC

tells us length, size, strength of muscle

SC Cross section CNS

efferent, 1 neuron in CNS, to get to the muscle

cell body inside the SC

Ach released when reach the muscle to stimulate a contraction

Muscles neural pathways (do they have efferent or afferent?)

BOTH

efferent- muscles are contracted by a signal from the CNS

afferent- a signal is sent from muscle, skin, etc to the CNS

Be able to draw the SC cross section and neural pathways