bones of axial skeleton

anterior fontanel (fetal)

posterior fontanel (fetal)

frontal bone

parietal bone

occipital bone

foramen magnum

in occipital bone

occipital condyles

in occiptal bone

temporal bone

temporal-mandibular joint (TMJ)

part of temporal bone

mastoid process

part of temporal bone

styloid process

part of temporal bone

zygomatic process

part of temporal bone

external auditory meatus

part of temporal bone -- auditory canal travels through this

sphenoid bone

ethmoid bone

maxillary bone

forms upper jaw

palatine bone

together with the maxillary bone makes up the hard palate i.e. roof of mouth

zygomatic bone

forming prominence of the cheek

zygomatic arch

part of zygomatic bone

lacrimal bone

forms the medial wall of each "orbit" i.e. each eye socket

nasal bone

forms the bridge of the nose

vomer

forms inferior portion of the nasal septum

inferior nasal conchae

bony ridges that project medially from lateral walls of the nasal cavity-they support the nasal mucosa

mandible

articulates with the temporal bone at the TMJ

- only movable bone of the skull

bone descrption of vertebral column

- 7 cervical vertebrae (C1 through C7)

- 12 cervical vertebrae (T1 through T12)

- 5 lumbar vertebrae (L1 through L5)

- 5 sacral vertebrae ( fused together to form sacrum

- 4 coccygeal vertebrae (fused together to form the coccyx or tailbone)

what is the first cervical vertebra known as

atlas

what is the second vertebra known as

axis

what are the parts of a typical vertebral bone?

- body

- pedicles

- laminae

- transverse processes

- vertebral ("neural") arch

- intervertebral foramen

- vertebral foramen

what is the intervertebral foramen?

- hole formed by two adjacent vertebral bones

- actually formed by the lower surface of the pedicle of the upper vertebral bone and the upper surface of the pedicle of the lower vertebral bone

- spinal nerves pass through these holes

What is the vertebral foramen?

the spinal cord passes though this hole

intervertebral disks

made up fibrocartilage --- serve as shock absorbers

what does the rib cage consist of?

ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae

what are true ribs?

first 7 thoracic ribs articulate with the first 7 vertebrae

what are false ribs?

the last 5 ribs articulating with last 5 vertebrae

what are floating ribs?

the last 2-3 ribs

sternum

consists of

- manubrium

- middle body

- xiphoid process

manubrium

articulates with clavicles

middle body

site commonly used for bone marrow sampling

xiphoid process

important landmark used for CPR