NUR 430 Genetics, Biocultural Assessment, SDOH & Disparities Flashcards

A set of 27 vocabulary flashcards based on the NUR 430 Midterm Master Study Guide covering Genetics, Biocultural Assessment, SDOH, and Health Disparities.

Genetics

The study of inherited characteristics.

Genomics

The interrelationship of genes and their influence on growth and development.

Genome

An organism's complete set of DNA.

Epigenetics

The study of how factors such as environment, obesity, or medications influence gene expression.

Pharmacogenomics

The study of how inherited and acquired genetic variation affects medication response.

Ethnicity

The perception of belonging to an ethnic group or groups; it is distinguished from race.

Ancestry

Lineage/genomic background; it may be more directly useful than broad racial labels for genetic questions.

Genetic Variation Effects on Medication Therapy

It may affect absorption, metabolism, excretion, efficacy, sensitivity, and dosage.

Limitations of Race/Ethnicity as Genotype Proxies

Broad racial/ethnic categories are imperfect proxies and cannot replace ancestry, family history, individual risk, genetic testing, or genotype.

Safer Genetic-Risk Reasoning Approach

Assess ancestry, family history, individual risk, and appropriate testing rather than assuming risk from a racial label.

Factors for Interpreting Labs and Physical Findings

Age, sex, pregnancy, diet, medications, hydration, disease, lab reference range, ancestry/genetics, and the individual patient's context.

SCN5A Y1102

An example associated in lecture with arrhythmias in Black populations, with specific prevalence figures reported in cited material.

Carrier Screening Examples

Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell, beta-thalassemia, and Tay-Sachs.

BRCA1/2 Population Example

Ashkenazi Jewish women, with counseling/testing of first-degree relatives noted.

Sickle Cell Ancestry Regions

African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Indian, Caribbean, and South American regions.

Tay-Sachs Ancestry

Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry.

Alpha-Thalassemia Ancestries

Southeast Asian, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean ancestry.

Factor V Leiden Populations

U.S./European White populations and also Jordan/Lebanon.

Five SDOH Domains

Economic Stability; Education Access and Quality; Social and Community Context; Healthcare Access and Quality; Neighborhood and Built Environment.

Economic Stability Factors

Employment, income, expenses, debt, medical bills, hunger, and food access.

Education Access and Quality Factors

Literacy, language, early childhood education, vocational education, and higher education.

Social and Community Context Factors

Stress, safety, social support, family, community engagement, culture, and faith traditions.

Healthcare Access and Quality Factors

Coverage, provider availability, linguistic/cultural competence, quality, and prevention.

Neighborhood and Built Environment Factors

Housing, transportation, safety, parks, pollution/water quality, and walkability.

Health Disparity

A significant difference in incidence/prevalence, morbidity/mortality, survival, quality, outcomes, cost, utilization, access, or satisfaction.

Health Disparity Examples

Asthma, cancer, CVD/stroke, diabetes, obesity, infant outcomes, HIV/AIDS, TB, mental health, injury, suicide/homicide, language, health literacy, gender, and rural residence.

Role of SDOH in Culturally Competent Assessment

They help identify structural and environmental barriers that influence access, risk, choices, and outcomes rather than attributing all differences to culture or biology.