Chapter 3 study guide health occ

Cutaneous Membrane

Our skin

Synovial Membranes

composed of connective tissue, lines the capsules that surround joints/tendons

Epithelial membrane

Provides linings the internal and external surfaces of the body

Mucous membrane

lines the body cavities that open to the outside world, secretes mucus

Serous Membranes

line body cavities that are closed to the outside world

Pleura

surrounds the lungs

pericardium

surrounds the heart

peritoneum

lines the abdominal cavity

Visceral Layer

the lining that covers each organ within the body cavity

Parietal Layer

the outer lining of each body cavity

melanin

givers our skin color, vitamin D production, and waste elimination

melanocytes

produces melanin

Keratin

a tough protein that forms the primary protective and a tough, fibrous protective and structural outer layer of hair, fingernails, toenails, and the epidermis of the skin in humans

Keratinocytes

produces keratin

Sebaceous glands

located all over the body, produces sebum, empty into hair follicle, kills bacteria

Sebum

oily substance

sudoriferous glands

Sweat glands, located in the dermis, over entire body but mainly in palms/feet/axillary

eccrine

open directly into skin, odorless sweat,

apocrine

function during puberty, located in genital area, empty into hair follicles

Epidermis

Outer layer of cutaneous membrane

Dermis

Dense fibrous connective tissue composed of collagen and elastin fibers

what structures are found in the dermis

blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles

arrector pili

when muscle contracts, it pulls the hair upright causing a bump

what are the five components of the integumentary system

Cutaneous membranes, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, naills

Functions of the integumentary system

regulate body temp, protective cover, chemical processes, sensory perception

how does our skin constantly renew itself

dead cells are always shedding

what is the hypodermis

the layer under the dermis, used for fat storage, connects skin to underlying tissue, provides cushioning

Decubitus Ulcers

pressure sores that are caused by little movement causing pressure in a restricted blood flow area, prevented by trotating the patient every 2 hours

1st degree burn

only affects epidermis, reddening of skin, heal in 1 week

2nd degree burn

both epidermis and half of dermis is affected, blisters and fluid filled pockets, painful

3rd degree

destroys entire thickness of skin, appears grey or whiteish, nerve endings have been destroyed

4th degree burn

destroys all layer of skin, might include nerve endings, bones, tendons, muscles, and ligaments, requires reconstruction

rule of ninths

used to determine the total percentage of burns on the body

psioriasis

red skin with flakey silver patches, itch burn crack bleed

benign

not cancerous

malignant

cancerous

mesastize

to spread

athletes caused in areas of the body that are moist and warm

caused in areas of the body that are moist and warm