Immune system virus

Epstein Barr Virus infects what cells

epithelial and b cells

Epstein-Barr Virus causues what diesese besides mono

Burkitt lymphoma*

Burkitt lymphoma Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment

B cells get infected with EBV and become cancerous, Usually immune compromised

Presentation: Abdominal swelling/pain, tumor, weight loss

Diagnosis: CT scan, biopsy

Treatment: Chemotherapy

Where are B cells located

the neck

What cells do Cytomegalovirus effect

macrophages and monocytes

Oral hairy leukoplakia

-EBV infecting epithelial cells

a non-cancerous, white, corrugated lesion on the side of the tongue caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in people with weakened immune systems

PREP meaning

-HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prevention)

-For HIV negative individuals who are at risk for HIV infection.

Prep medication

-Truvada® (Emtricitabine / Tenofovir)

-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Emtricitabine: Competes with dCTP → Block reverse transcription

Tenofovir: Competes with dATP → Block reverse transcription

HIV Transmission

Exposure to infected bodily fluids

- Sexual / Genital fluid:

- Unprotected vaginal sex

- Unprotected anal sex

- Blood:

- IV drug use (less often: transfusion)

- Perinatal (Birth)

- Breastmilk

Gp120 and CD4

Gp120- Glycoprotein of HIV virus

CD4- T-cell (Immune cell)

Gp120 binds to CD4

CCR5

Helps stabilize interaction between Gp120 and CD4

Reverse Transcription

- the essential process by which the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) converts its single-stranded RNA genome into a double-stranded DNA copy inside a host cell. This step allows the virus to integrate its genetic material into the host's chromosomes

-RNA to DNA

HIV Treatment and Target

-Use a combination of 2-3 drugs that interfere with virus life cycle.

-Usually target reverse transcription and replication

-HAART: Highly active antiviral therapy

Most infectious time of HIV

6 weeks

Acute HIV Syndrome

flu like symptoms during peak of HIV infectiousness, around 6 weeks in

HIV Screening

-Rapid antibody test (saliva or blood) (Swab)

-Checks for antibodies not virus, antibodies takes months to form so leads to false negative results if test is too early

-Not the best because ppl are most infectious 6 weeks in and will get negative test

HIV Diagnosis

Blood draw → PCR and ELISA

AIDS

Aquired Immunodeficiancy Syndrome

-progression from HIV

Aids T- Cell count

CD4+ Lymphocytes < 200/μL

AIDS-Defining Illnesses

• Pneumocystis pneumonia

• Cryptococcus pneumonia

• Burkett lymphoma

• Kaposi’s sarcoma

Aids Other opportunistic, rare,

and recurrent Infections:

• Thrush (oral yeast infection)

• Vaginal yeast infections

• Histoplasmosis

• Toxoplasmosis

• Cryptosporidiosis

• EBV Leukoplakia

• CMV Disease

• Many others