leaf and transpirations

Photosynthesis

uses solar energy to produce

sugar from carbon dioxide and water

Cuticle

covers the epidermis, made of wax, clear layer that allows light to penetrate to the cells below while preventing water loss.

Upper epidermis

Lines the top of the leaf

Palisades mesophyll

is a compact layer of chloroplast-bearing cells where most photosynthesis occurs.

Spongy mesophyll

traps the CO2 needed for photosynthesis and the O2 produced by the process

Lower epidermis

Lines the bottoms of the leaf

Stomata

small, regulated openings concentrated on the underside of the leaf (helps to

minimize water loss due to high temperatures on the upper surface of the leaf)

The gas exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs and water exits the leaf which helps regulate water balance

Guard cells

Cells on either side of the stomata that regulate the opening and closing of the

stomata by swelling or shrinking

Xylem

 Transports water from the soil  to the leaf

Phloem

Transports glucose throughout the plant

Transpiration

Water loss via the stomata

Pigements

molecule that absorbs light

Chlorophyll A

Reflects a bright green light

Chlorophyll B

Reflects Olive Green light

Carotene

reflects orange light

Xanthophyll

Reflects yellow light

Leaf Senescence

gradual deterioration of leaves due to the degradation of chlorophyll

Raw Materials in Photosynthesis

Carbon Dioxide CO₂ + Water H₂0

Products in Photosynthesis

Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆ + Oxygen Gas O₂ + Water H₂O