bio key words

Alleles

Different versions of the same gene.

Asexual reproduction

Reproduction requiring only one parent, resulting in genetically identical clones.

Continuous variation

Variation that can take any value between a minimum and maximum. numerical.

Diploid cells

Cells containing two sets of chromosomes.

Discontinuous variation

A characteristic that falls into distinct groups and not numerical values

Dominant allele

An allele whose characteristics are always expressed if present in the genotype.

Environmental variation

Variation caused by the environment.

Fertilisation

The joining together of two gametes.

Gametes

Sex cells.

Genetic cross

A technique used to show the possible characteristics of offspring.

Genetic variation

Variation caused by an organism's genetic material.

Genome

All the genetic material present in an organism.

Genotype

The combination of alleles present in an organism.

Haploid cells

Cells containing one set of chromosomes.

Heterozygous

An organism that has different alleles of a gene.

Homozygous

An organism that has two copies of the same allele.

Mutation

A change in the sequence of DNA bases.

Phenotype

The characteristics observed in an organism.

Punnett square

A diagram used to show the possible genetic makeup of offspring.

Recessive allele

An allele whose characteristic is only expressed if two copies are present.

Sexual reproduction

Reproduction requiring two parents, resulting in variation.

Variation

Differences within a species.

Zygote

A fertilised egg.

what are the 2 types of variation

genetic variation and environmental variation

what is genetic variation

variation caused by an organisms genetic material

enviromental variation

variation caused by the enviroment

what are some things caused by both enviromental and genetic variation

height, weight, skin colour, diseases

what are some characteristics that are only effected by genetic variation

eye colour, blood group, and the appearance of a genetic disorder

how are identical twins formed

a fertilised egg splitting down the middle

what is genetic diversity and why does it matter

Genetic diversity is the total variety of genes, alleles, and genetic characteristics within and between populations of a species,which contributes to a species' adaptability and survivability.

what is the gene pool

the sum of an organisms genetic material

what happens during fertilisation

2 hapolid gamete cells merge to form a zygote

what is mitosis

when the zygote divides many times and eventually forms an organism

how are gametes formed

meiosis