A&P 2e - Ch 20: Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation (Review Questions)

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The endothelium is found in the __.

tunica intima

Nervi vasorum control __.

both vasoconstriction and vasodilation

Closer to the heart, arteries would be expected to have a higher percentage of __.

elastic fibers

Which of the following best describes veins?

thin walled, large lumens, low pressure, have valves

An especially leaky type of capillary found in the liver and certain other tissues is called a __.

sinusoid capillary

In a blood pressure measurement of 110/70, the number 70 is the __.

diastolic pressure

A healthy elastic artery __.

is compliant

Which of the following statements is true?

As blood volume decreases, blood pressure and blood flow also decrease.

Slight vasodilation in an arteriole prompts a __.

huge decrease in resistance

Venoconstriction increases which of the following?

all of the above

Hydrostatic pressure is __.

the pressure exerted by fluid in an enclosed space

Net filtration pressure is calculated by __.

subtracting the blood colloid osmotic pressure from the capillary hydrostatic pressure

Which of the following statements is true?

In one day, more fluid exits the capillary through filtration than enters through reabsorption.

Clusters of neurons in the medulla oblongata that regulate blood pressure are known collectively as __.

the cardiovascular center

In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism, __.

aldosterone prompts the kidneys to reabsorb sodium

In the myogenic response, __.

vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch

A form of circulatory shock common in young children with severe diarrhea or vomiting is __.

hypovolemic shock

The coronary arteries branch off of the ________.

ascending aorta

Which of the following statements is true?

The radial and ulnar arteries join to form the palmar arch.

Arteries serving the stomach, pancreas, and liver all branch from the __.

celiac trunk

The right and left brachiocephalic veins __.

all of the above are true

The hepatic portal system delivers blood from the digestive organs to the __.

liver

Blood islands are __.

masses of developing blood vessels and formed elements scattered throughout the embryonic disc

Which of the following statements is true?

One umbilical vein carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetal heart.

The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows __.

most freshly oxygenated blood to flow into the fetal heart