Teaching Intermediate Phase Social Sciences: Geography and Map Skills Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering African physical geography, cities, map skills, geographical tools, and teaching methods for TISS6212.

Nile

Longest river in Africa ($6,650\,km$) flowing north into the Mediterranean Sea.

Congo River

Deepest river in the world ($4,700\,km$) flowing into the Atlantic Ocean that crosses the equator twice.

Niger River

Main river of West Africa ($4,200\,km$) flowing into the Atlantic Ocean.

Zambezi River

River ($2,600\,km$) flowing into the Indian Ocean, home to Victoria Falls and Kariba Dam.

Orange River

Longest river in South Africa ($2,200\,km$), rising in Lesotho and flowing into the Atlantic Ocean.

Limpopo River

River ($1,750\,km$) flowing into the Indian Ocean that forms South Africa's border with Botswana and Zimbabwe.

Lake Victoria

Largest lake in Africa, located in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania, and source of the White Nile.

Lake Tanganyika

Longest freshwater lake in the world and second deepest, located in the Great Rift Valley.

Lake Malawi (Nyasa)

Rift Valley lake containing more fish species than any other lake.

Lake Chad

African lake that has shrunk by about $90\%$ since the 1960s.

Victoria Falls

Widest sheet of falling water, also known as Mosi-oa-Tunya ('The smoke that thunders'), located on the Zambezi River between Zambia and Zimbabwe.

Tugela Falls

Highest waterfall in Africa ($948\,m$ in total), located in Drakensberg, KwaZulu-Natal.

Augrabies Falls

Waterfall on the Orange River in the Northern Cape that drops into a granite gorge.

Kilimanjaro

Mountain peak in Tanzania with a height of $5,895\,m$.

Mount Kenya

Mountain peak in Kenya with a height of $5,199\,m$.

Mount Stanley

Mountain peak located in DRC–Uganda with a height of $5,109\,m$.

Toubkal

Mountain peak in Morocco with a height of $4,167\,m$.

Thabana Ntlenyana

Mountain peak in Lesotho with a height of $3,482\,m$.

Mafadi

South Africa's highest mountain peak, with a height of $3,450\,m$.

Cairo

Capital of Egypt, located on the Nile.

Abuja

Capital of Nigeria.

Lagos

Nigeria's largest city.

Kinshasa

Capital of DRC, located on the Congo River.

Addis Ababa

Headquarters of the African Union.

Johannesburg

South Africa's largest city, associated with gold.

Sahara

The largest hot desert.

Kalahari

A semi-desert in Africa.

Namib

A coastal desert in Africa, known as one of the oldest.

Cape Agulhas

Africa's southernmost point where the Atlantic and Indian Oceans officially meet.

Map Components

Five essential components required for every map: Title, Compass, Key, Scale, and Symbols.

Globe

Geographic tool best for showing the true shape of Earth, hemispheres, and equator, but lacking local detail.

Atlas

Geographic tool best for locating places and thematic maps, with the limitation that flat maps distort size.

Aerial Photograph

Geographic tool best for showing land use from an aircraft, but lacking labels and requiring interpretation.

Satellite Image

Geographic tool best for observing weather and change over time, requiring interpretation.

Google Earth / GIS

Digital geographic tools best for zooming globe to school and viewing 3D views, limited by requirements for devices, data, and power.

Fieldwork

Investigating real places outside the classroom by observing, measuring, and recording.

Spatial Thinking

Geographic skill relying on direction, distance, and scale, utilized in tools like GPS and Google Maps.

Sustainability

Meeting today's needs without harming future generations.

Inquiry-Based Learning

A four-step teaching approach guiding learners to investigate: 1) Ask and predict, 2) Gather, 3) Analyse, and 4) Present.

Virtual Field Trips

Visiting a place through Google Earth, $360^\circ$ video, or online tours, allowing learners to reach distant places at no transport cost.