Higher Plants Exam 2

Where is DNA found in a plant?

nucleus, mitochondria, plastids

“Mutation” is defined as an uninherited change to the DNA which is harmful to the organism

False

Phenotypes which show continuous variation (continuous distribution), like wheat color, are usually the result of

the action of many genes on one trait

Which of the following is a possible effect of transposons (jumping genes) on an organism’s genome?

Disruption of gene function, potentially leading to mutation

change in expression level of the gene that moved

Phenotypes are controlled by

a combination of all of these

(environment, genetic, epigenetic, random chance)

Which of the following describes how plants reproduces?

plants can reproduce asexually by sending out runners or suckers to make clones of themselves

a plant part that has broken off (such as a leaf of stem) can de-differentiate its cell and redifferentiate them into needed body parts and grow a whole new plant

plants have an entire haploid stage of life that produces gametes by mitosis, which then combine with another gamete in sexual reproduction

A flowering plant has some green leaves, some white leaves and some varigated (mixed colors) leaves. If the pollen from a flower on a white leafed stem lands on the flower from an all green leafed stem, the offspring will most like have

all green leaves

Plants can reproduce asexually by

all of these

(growing a new plant from a stem, root or leaf)

If a plant reproduces by selfing, that is, the pollen from a flower lands on the stigma from the same flower, it is

sexual reproduction

In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?

haploid spores

In an angiosperm, where would you find the megasporangium?

within an ovule contained in the ovary of a flower

A fruit is most commonly

a mature ovary

Gymnosperms and angiosperms have all of the following in common except

ovaries

A dioecious plant is one that

produces either male flowers or female flowers, but not both

Double fertilization means that

one sperm is needed to fertilize the egg while the second is needed to fertilize the polar nuclei

A plant that has a reddish flower and smells like dung (poop) is most likely pollinated by

flies and beetles

Why do plants have a long style (put the stigma so far from the ovary)?

to raise up the stigma so it is more accessible to pollinators

so it has time to check if it has the correct pollen

Hydrangeas produce blue or pink flowers depending on

environmental effects