Electron Theory

Atomic theory

The study of atoms and electrons, also referred to as electron theory.

Electron

The orbiting part of an atom that carries a negative charge.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of atoms that participate in chemical bonding. Also known as ‘free electrons’.

Electrical Conductivity

Measures how well a material allows electric current to flow through it.

Conventional current direction

The assumed direction of current flow from positive to negative, as believed before electron flow was understood.

Closed circuit

A complete circuit connected to a source of energy, allowing current to flow.

Direct current (DC)

The flow of electric current in one direction.

Coulomb (C)

The unit of electric charge, equivalent to a specific quantity of electrons.

Ampere (A)

The unit of current, equal to the flow of one coulomb per second.

Charge (Q)

The quantity of electricity transferred, measured in coulombs (C).