03 — Ratio, Proportion & Rates of Change
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50 Terms
What is a ratio?
A way of comparing quantities.
What does 2:3 mean?
For every 2 of one quantity, there are 3 of another.
3. Simplify the ratio 6:9.
2:3
4. Simplify 15:20.
3:4
5. What must you do to simplify a ratio?
Divide every part by the same common factor.
6. Simplify 12:18:24.
2:3:4
7. Share £40 in the ratio 3:5.
£15 and £25
8. What is the total number of parts in 2:3?
5 parts
9. What is a ratio in the form 1:n useful for?
Comparing quantities to one unit.
10. If 3 pens cost £6, what does 1 pen cost?
£2
11. What is direct proportion?
When one quantity increases by the same factor as another.
12. If y is directly proportional to x, what happens to y when x doubles?
y doubles.
13. If 5 books cost £20, what do 10 cost?
£40
14. What is the unitary method?
Find the value of one unit, then scale up.
15. What is an equivalent ratio?
A ratio with the same comparison.
16. Complete: 4:7 = 8:?
14
17. Complete: 3:5 = ?:20
12
18. A map scale is 1:50,000. What does 1 cm represent?
50,000 cm in real life.
19. Convert 50,000 cm to kilometres.
0.5 km
20. What is scale factor?
The multiplier used to enlarge or reduce a quantity.
21. What is proportion?
A statement that two ratios or quantities are equal.
22. If 4 cakes need 300 g flour, how much for 8?
600 g
23. If 6 workers take 10 days, is this direct or inverse proportion?
Inverse proportion.
24. What happens in inverse proportion?
As one quantity increases, the other decreases.
25. If workers double, what happens to the time for the same job?
It halves.
26. What is a rate?
A quantity measured per unit of another quantity.
27. What is speed?
Distance travelled per unit of time.
28. What is the speed formula?
Speed = distance ÷ time
29. What is the distance formula?
Distance = speed × time
30. What is the time formula?
Time = distance ÷ speed
31. What is average speed?
Total distance ÷ total time.
32. A journey is 150 km in 3 hours. What is the average speed?
50 km/h
33. Convert 2 hours to minutes.
120 minutes
34. Convert 3.5 km to metres.
3500 m
35. Convert 4500 m to kilometres.
4.5 km
36. How many metres are in 1 km?
1000 m
37. How many seconds are in 1 minute?
60 seconds
38. How many seconds are in 1 hour?
3600 seconds
39. What is density?
Mass per unit volume.
40. What is the density formula?
Density = mass ÷ volume
41. What is the mass formula using density?
Mass = density × volume
42. What is pressure?
Force per unit area.
43. What is the pressure formula?
Pressure = force ÷ area
44. What is a conversion graph used for?
Converting between two related quantities.
45. What is rate of change?
How quickly one quantity changes compared with another.
46. How do you find rate of change from a graph?
Change in y ÷ change in x.
47. What does a steeper graph usually mean?
A greater rate of change.
48. What does a horizontal distance-time graph mean?
The object is stationary.
49. What does a straight sloping distance-time graph mean?
Constant speed.
50. What is the key idea of inverse proportion?
One quantity increases as the other decreases.