중간 1~7

공교육

public education (초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교, 대학교, 대학원) [국가가 설립 및 운영하는 학교 교육]

국립학교

national school (사범대학) [국가가 관리하는 기관 밖에서 이루어지는 모든 교육]

공립학교

public school

사립학교

private school

사교육

private education (학원)

진로 상담을 받다

to get career counseling

적성 검사를 받다

to take an aptitude test (학업 적성 검사, 직업 적성 검사) [특정한 활동에 대해 소질이 있는지를 측정하는 검사]

학업 적성 검사

academic aptitude test

직업 적성 검사

vocational aptitude test, career aptitude test

지원서를 작성하다

to fill out an application [작성 used usually for filling out forms]

서류를 접수하다

to submit documents

면접을 보다

to have an interview (대학원 입학 위해; 보통 2명 있어)

입학하다

to enter school/enroll

재학하다

to be enrolled/attending school

의무교육

mandatory education, compulsory training, required training

학사 → 석사 → 박사

사범대학

College of Education, Teachers' College, College of Education (for teacher training)

교육열

passion for education, enthusiasm for education, strong desire for education

진학하다

to enter a school of higher education, to go on to further education, to continue one's education

역량

ability, capability, competence, competency, capacity

잠재력

potential, potential ability, potential capacity, potential for growth

실전

real

소질

talent, aptitude, natural ability, gift, potential

보조

supplementary

연구 계획서

research proposal, research plan

밤새

all night, through the night, overnight

늘만큼

as much as usual, as much as always, as much as before

열대 기후

tropical climate (아프리카, 인도) (건기/우기)

건조 기후

dry/arid climate (사막; 일교차가 크다)

온대 기후

temperate climate (한국, 사계절)

냉대 기후

subarctic/cold climate (10도 이상)

한대 기후

polar climate (10도 미만; 극지방; 계속 겨울이다)

이상 기후

abnormal weather, unusual weather, abnormal climate, extreme weather conditions

자연재해

natural disaster

폭설

heavy snow

폭우

heavy rain

폭염

heat wave

사막화

desertification

산불

wildfire

산사태

landslide

혹한

severe cold (↔ 폭염)

홍수

flood

수력

hydropower

풍력

wind power (에너지)

태양열

solar heat/energy

지열

geothermal heat (uses the stable underground temperature of the Earth to heat and cool buildings efficiently)

전기 에너지

electric energy

친환경 에너지

eco

유비무환

being prepared prevents trouble

속수무책

helpless/at a loss with no solution (이다/으로 당하다)

변덕이 죽 끓듯 하다

to be extremely fickle/moody (lit. moodiness boils like porridge)

폭염이 기승을 부리다

extreme heat is raging / a heat wave is hitting hard

변덕스럽다

changeable, unpredictable (mood)

성실하다

diligent, conscientious, hardworking, sincere, devoted

오죽하면 그랬겠어요?

It must have been really bad for them to do that. / They must have had a very good reason to do that.

오죽 힘들면 동생에게 도움을 요청하겠어요?

They must be having a really hard time if they're asking their younger sibling for help.

전화 한 통

one phone call, a single phone call

이왕

since you are doing it anyway, now that you’re at it, if you’re going to do it anyway

군소리

complaint, grumbling, protest, objection

깜짝 파티

surprise party

서식지

habitat

대멸종

mass extinction

경고하다

to warn, to alert

노인 복지

elderly welfare

아동 복지

child welfare

청소년 복지

youth welfare

여성 및 가정 복지

women's and family welfare

장애인 복지

welfare for people with disabilities

건강 보험

health insurance

고용 보험

employment insurance

의료 보험

medical insurance

산재 보험

industrial accident insurance

안전을 보장하다

to guarantee safety

안정을 보장하다

to guarantee stability

약자를 보호하다

to protect the vulnerable (장애인, 아동, 노인)

소외 계층을 보호하다

to protect disadvantaged groups

어려움에 대비하다

to prepare for difficulties

위험에 대비하다

to prepare for danger

십시일반

many hands make light work (lit. ten spoonfuls make one bowl) (십시일반으로 돈을 모아)

백지장도 맞들면 낫다

even a sheet of paper is lighter when lifted together

재활

rehabilitation, recovery, rehabilitation therapy

의무적

mandatory, obligatory, compulsory, required

언론의 자유를 보장하다

to guarantee/protect freedom of the press

업무상

work-related, job-related, in the course of one’s work, for work purposes (상

협동심

spirit of cooperation, teamwork, cooperative spirit, sense of cooperation

고정 관념

stereotype (“People from X are like this.”) (“Women are bad at driving.”) [generalization]

선입견

prejudice/preconception (An opinion formed before having actual experience.) (“I thought the restaurant would be expensive before I went there.” [before experience=선=전에]

편견

bias (“I judge X negatively because of my bias.”) (“I don't want to hire him because people from his country are lazy.”) [unfair bias]

개인주의

individualism, emphasis on the individual over the group (“I make my own decisions based on what is best for me.”)

집단주의

collectivism, group-oriented thinking, emphasis on the group over the individual (“I make decisions based on what is best for my family or group.”)

이기주의

selfishness/egoism (Putting your own interests above others.)

이타주의

altruism, selflessness (Putting others’ interests or well-being before your own.)

혈연

blood ties, family ties

지연

regional ties, ties based on the same hometown/region

학연

school ties, alumni ties

역지사지

putting yourself in another's shoes

우물 안의 개구리

a frog in a well; a person with a narrow perspective or limited experience

문과

humanities, liberal arts

이과

natural sciences, science and engineering (academic track)

동문

alumnus/alumna, fellow graduate, schoolmate from the same school