Occupational Therapy Adult Neuro Rehabilitation: Vision, Cognition, and Documentation Flashcards

Vocabulary-style study flashcards for OT adult neuro rehabilitation covering documentation, vision assessment, visual perceptual deficits, functional cognition, and motor dysfunction.

CPT Codes

Current Procedural Terminology codes defined by the AMA and used in billing for occupational therapy interventions.

Modified Independent

A functional level where the client requires no human assistance, but utilizes adaptive equipment, modified methods, or extra time to complete a task.

Minimum Assist

Assistance level requiring 1 person assist where the client performs 75% or more of the task effort.

Moderate Assist

Assistance level requiring 1 person assist where the client performs 50% to 74% of the task effort.

Maximum Assist

Assistance level requiring 1 person assist where the client performs 25% or less of the task effort.

Dependent

Assistance level requiring a 2 person assist or where the client performs less than 25% of the total effort.

Contrast Sensitivity

The visual ability to distinguish the edges of objects against backgrounds of similar color or saturation.

Convergence

The oculomotor ability to move two eyes nasally simultaneously.

Saccades

The oculomotor ability to perform quick movements of the eyes from one target to another and focus the target in clear, central vision.

Tracking/pursuits

The oculomotor ability to smoothly follow a slow moving target and keep it in central vision.

Dorsal Stream

The visual pathway known as the 'where zone' that travels through the parietal cortex, responsible for location, size of objects, distance, and depth perception.

Ventral Stream

The visual pathway known as the 'what zone' that travels through the temporal cortex, responsible for identifying objects by shape, size, color, location, and past visual memory.

Warren's Hierarchy

A visual framework establishing that lower-level foundational skills (visual acuity, visual fields, and oculomotor control) must be intact for higher-level visual processing and cognition to function properly.

Myopia

Shortsightedness resulting from light rays focusing in front of the retina rather than directly on it.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness resulting from focal point placement behind the retina.

Macular Degeneration

Deterioration of the macula resulting in loss of central vision.

Glaucoma

Optic nerve damage caused by intraocular pressure resulting in progressive loss of peripheral vision.

Cataracts

Cloudiness of the crystalline eye lens resulting in overall blurred or hazy vision.

Homonymous Hemianopsia

Contralateral loss of the visual field in both eyes due to a post-chiasmal optic tract or occipital lobe lesion.

Unilateral Neglect

An attentional processing impairment (hemispatial inattention) causing reduced awareness or response to stimuli on the side contralateral to CNS damage.

Anosognosia

A severe neglect syndrome following brain injury where a person fails to recognize or acknowledge their hemiplegic limb as part of their body.

Autopagnosia

A body scheme disorder where an individual is unable to identify or orient body parts in relation to each other.

Form Constancy

The ability to recognize that a shape remains the same despite changes in size, direction, orientation, and distance.

Visual Closure

The visual perception skill allowing one to visualize a complete whole object when presented with incomplete visual information or a partial picture.

Visual Figure Ground

The ability to distinguish foreground objects from a busy background.

Prosopagnosia

A visual perceptual impairment characterized by the inability to recognize familiar human faces.

Functional Cognition

The ability to integrate and utilize cognitive processes to complete everyday activities, ADLs, and IADLs safely and effectively.

Errorless Learning

A cognitive training technique that prevents clients from making errors during task acquisition through physical or verbal support to prevent encoding incorrect pathways.

Anchor

A visual or tactile cue positioned on the side of a visual field deficit or neglect to mark the starting position and promote systematic visual scanning.

Eccentric Viewing

A visual compensatory technique where a client looks slightly away from a target to view it using intact peripheral retina or preferred retinal loci.

Fresnel Prism

A compensatory lens applied to eyeglasses to shift visual images from a non-seeing field into the client's intact visual field.

Esotropia

A form of strabismus where one or both eyes turn inward.

Exotropia

A form of strabismus where one or both eyes turn outward.

Dysmetria

A cerebellar motor deficit marked by overshooting or undershooting when reaching for a target.

Dysdiadochokinesia

An inability to perform rapid, alternating movements smoothly, characteristic of cerebellar dysfunction.

Chorea

Rapid, involuntary, rhythmic jerking movements resulting from basal ganglia breakdown.

Bradykinesia

Extreme slowness of voluntary movement commonly seen in Parkinson's disease due to dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra.