The hallmarks of cancer and cancer therapy

how does heterogeneity effect tumours

it can cause the cancer cells to be resistant to drugs used in treatments and this can lead to the reoccurrence of cancer

what is the difference between driver and passenger mutations

driver mutations will drive the cancer and are mutations within cells that actively cause cancer passenger mutations are more common but don’t drive the cancer transformation

Hallmark 1

self sufficiency in growth signals cancer cells overcome the controlled cell growth with mutations

how can cancerous cells overcome the growth signals

they can synthesise their own growth signals, they can dysregulate transmembrane receptors and they can develop alteration in components of downstream proteins

hallmark 2

insensitivity to growth suspension, cancer cells will disruptthe internal molecules that will normally tell cells to stop dividing