Mood Disorders and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing concepts, diagnostic criteria, statistics, and CBT models for mood disorders based on the lecture material.

Emotion

Subjective experiences and expressions, often conceptualized by theoretical frameworks such as James-Lange vs. Cannon-Bard.

Affect

The observable variability in emotional expression.

Mood

A continuous and sustained underlying emotional state.

Mania

A state characterized by an abnormally elevated or euphoric mood.

Unipolar Episode

A mood episode characterized by the presence of a single mood state, specifically a depressed mood.

Bipolar Episode

A mood pattern characterized by the presence of both manic and depressed mood states.

Psychomotor Retardation

A behavioral symptom of depression involving a visible slowing down of physical and mental activity.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (F34.8)

A disorder characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts (verbally or behaviorally) occurring 3 or more times per week, a persistently irritable mood between outbursts, and symptoms occurring in more than one environment.

Major Depressive Disorder (F32)

A disorder requiring 5 or more depressive episode symptoms during the same 2-week period representing a change from prior functioning, causing clinical distress, and not attributable to physiological effects of a substance or medical condition.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) (F34.1)

A chronic depressed mood for most of the day, for most of the time over a 2-year period, accompanied by at least 2 associated symptoms, without being symptom-free for more than 2 months.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (N94.3)

A condition characterized by marked affective lability, marked irritability or anger, depressed mood, hopelessness, anxiety, decreased interest in usual activities, and physical symptoms before menstruation.

Unspecified Mood Disorder

A DSM-5-TR category restored for presentations that do not meet full criteria for any specific mood disorder and where choosing between an unspecified depressive disorder and another category is difficult.

Biological Antidepressants

Pharmacological treatments for depression including Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs).

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A practical, symptom-focused, present-oriented treatment derived from empirical techniques that uses cognitive restructuring and behavioral methods via therapist-patient collaboration.

Cognitive Triad of Depression

Beck's model of depression consisting of systematic negative views of the Self, the World, and the Future.

Core Beliefs

Early-developed cognitive vulnerabilities or schemas that rigidly predispose individuals to interpret information in specific ways, giving rise to conditional assumptions and automatic thoughts.

Automatic Thoughts

Spontaneous thoughts triggered by situational events that are directly influenced by underlying core beliefs and conditional assumptions, directly affecting emotions, behaviors, and physiology.

Suicide Rates (2010 Studies)

Data indicating male suicide rates are 4 times higher than female rates, with highest prevalence in ages 45-64 and 85+, White individuals, and Western States; key risk factors include male sex, living alone, family history, and chronic pain/illness.