ESC 10 1.4 and 1.6

Reducing agent

The species that caused reduction; underwent oxidation

Oxidizing agent

The species that caused oxidation; underwent reduction

Galvanic cell

An apparatus that generates electricity using spontaneous redox reaction

Anode

Oxidation happens; electrons are released from this electrode

Load

Voltmeter, lightbulb, etc.

Cathode

Reduction happens at this electrode which gains electrons

Salt bridge

Contain ions that will not participate in the reaction but will complete the electrical circuit

Cell diagram

Presents the chemical reaction in a galvanic cell

Single bar

Separate the species in different phases

Corrosion

Detoriation of metals by an electrochemical process

Batteries

Galvanic cell or a series of galvanic cellthat store chemical energy to be released as electrical work

Primary cell

Galvanic cell in which the cell reaction is not reversible

Dry cell

Example of a primary cell

Dry cell

Also called Leclanché cell; no fluid component involved

Secondary cell

Galvanic cells in which the reaction is reversible

Charging

Passing of electricity through a secondary cell

Lead storage battery

Secondary cell used in automobiles

Fuel cells

Secondary cell requires a continuous supply of reactants such as fuel

Electrolysis

The process of applying electrical energy to drive a nonspontaneous reaction forward

Electrolytic cell

Utilized the electrolysis process

Cathode

The negative electrode in a electrolytic cell

Anode

The positive electrode in a electrolytic cell

E°cell electrolytic cell

Indicates the external voltage to be applied for an electrolytic to function

Electroplating

Application of electrolysis where a metal is coated with another metal to prevent corrosion

Purification of copper

Application of electrolysis where pure metal copper is deposited at the cathode while the anode left a sludge