Medical Terminology: Skeletal System Review

Vocabulary review flashcards covering medical combining forms, prefixes, suffixes, clinical abbreviations, bone classifications, joint physiology, and skeletal anatomy from Chapter 2.

orth/o

Combining form meaning "straight".

acr/o

Combining form meaning "extremities".

chondr/o

Combining form meaning "cartilage".

-penia

Medical suffix meaning "deficiency".

inter-

Prefix meaning "between".

-plasty

Medical suffix meaning "surgical repair".

RA

Medical abbreviation for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

OA

Medical abbreviation representing Osteoarthritis.

TKR

Clinical abbreviation for Total Knee Replacement.

OP

Clinical abbreviation for Osteoporosis.

CRIF

Orthopedic abbreviation for Closed reduction & internal fixation.

BDT

Abbreviation representing Bone Density Testing.

Sesamoid bone

A bone type that is sesame-seed shaped and embedded in tendons.

Flat bone

A bone classification that includes the sternum.

Hematopoiesis

Blood cell production, which primarily occurs in red bone marrow.

Synarthroses

Immovable joints, such as the sutures of the skull.

Open / Compound fracture

A fracture where the bone pierces through the skin.

Compact / Cortical bone

Dense, hard, and strong outer bone tissue.

Cranium / Skull

The skeletal structure forming the head.

Mandible

The lower jaw bone.

Cervical vertebrae

The upper region of the vertebral spine.

Clavicle

The collarbone.

Sternum

The central breastbone.

Humerus

The upper arm bone.

Radius

The lateral forearm bone aligned with the thumb side.

Ulna

The medial bone of the forearm.

Femur

The large thigh bone of the lower extremity.

Patella

The kneecap bone.

Tibia

The larger, weight-bearing shin bone of the lower leg.

Articular cartilage

The cap covering the joint surface of a long bone.

Spongy bone

Porous bone tissue region filled with red marrow.

Proximal epiphysis

The proximal end region of a long bone.

Diaphysis

The main shaft or body section of a long bone.

Medullary cavity

The central hollow space within the bone shaft that holds yellow marrow.

Yellow bone marrow

The tissue housed in the central cavity (medullary cavity) of a long bone shaft.

Periosteum

The tough membrane covering the outer surface of a bone.

Nutrient artery

The blood vessel entering the shaft to supply nutrients to the bone.

Distal epiphysis

The bottom or distal end section of a long bone.

Endosteum

The inner lining membrane of the medullary cavity.

Epiphyseal line

The remnant line of the growth plate located in the metaphysis.