W9 Hypo/hyperthyroidism

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Last updated 6:13 PM on 7/14/26
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15 Terms

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Hypothyroidism causes

Primary - (gland excess TSH) destruction of thyroid gland. Either lymphocytic thyroiditis (immune mediated disease) or idiopathic

Secondary - (lack of TSH) pituitary tumour prevent TSH being produced

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Hypothyroidism clinical signs

  • Lethargy, dull

  • Weight gain

  • Seeking heat

  • Bilaterally symmetric/non pruritic alopecia

  • Scaling

  • Seborrhoea

  • Hyperpigmentation

  • Recurrent infection - pyoderma/otitis external


Rare

Megaoesphagus, vestibular dysfunction, facial nerve paralysis, atherosclerosis


<ul><li><p>Lethargy, dull</p></li><li><p>Weight gain</p></li><li><p>Seeking heat</p></li><li><p>Bilaterally symmetric/non pruritic alopecia</p></li><li><p>Scaling</p></li><li><p>Seborrhoea</p></li><li><p>Hyperpigmentation</p></li><li><p>Recurrent infection - pyoderma/otitis external </p></li></ul><p></p><p>Rare</p><p>Megaoesphagus, vestibular dysfunction, facial nerve paralysis, atherosclerosis</p><p></p>
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Hypothyroidism diagnostics

T4 Low - free T4 low or High-normal TSH

<p>T4 Low - free T4 low or High-normal TSH</p>
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Thyforon

Hypothyroid patients, synthetic levothyroxine increase T4 levels

Per os

Overdosing hyperthyroidism, weight loss, hyperactivity, excitability, panting, tachycardia, polydipsia, pu/pp

Split tablets stored blister pack, Wash hands after administration. Pregnant care

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<p>Hyperthyroidism causes</p>

Hyperthyroidism causes

Primary - Benign thyroid adenomas (common) or adenomatous hyperplasia - palpable

Secondary - TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma (rare)

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Hyperthyroidism signs

  • Weight loss despite PP

  • Agitation/hyperactivity

  • PU/PD

  • Respiratory abnormalities

  • Tachycardia

  • Vocalisation

  • V/D

  • Skin coat changes


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Endocrine specific tests to diagnose feline hyperthyroidism

Total T4 and free T4

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Total T4/TT4

Cost-effective

Elevated serum TT4

Seen in early/mild affected cases/cats with concurrent non-thyroidal illness (NTI) e.g. CKD

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Free T4

Diagnosis not confirmed with TT4.

Non-hyperthyroid cats can have high FT4 - test conjuction FT4 and TT4

Clinical signs, TT4 upper interval, FT4 above interval - indicative of hyperthyroidism

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Routine biochemistry

Elevations in liver enzymes ALT, ALKP

CKD/DM can result in similar signs

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Normal TT4 hyperthyroid

Concurrent disease suppressing TT4

Sick euthyroid syndrome - Spurious result

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Thyroid scintigraphy

Visualises functioning thyroid tissue, detects ectopic tissue

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<p>Methimazole - Felimazole </p>

Methimazole - Felimazole

Stabilize hyperthryoidism prior thyroidectomy (long term)

Do not break/crush

SE: V, inappetence, weight loss, lethargy, anorexia

Wear gloves pregnant

Disposal according to local requirements

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<p>Thyronorm </p>

Thyronorm

Stabilize hyperthyroidism prior thyroidectomy (long term)

SE: Anorexia, inappetence, lethargy, pruritus

Do not administer in food - efficacy has not been established

Not to be disposed of via wastewater

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Carbimazole - vidalta

Treat hyperthyroidism

Administer with food - do not break/crush

SE: tachycardia, V/D, blood in vomit/faeces, anaemia, weight loss

Wash hands