Pananakop ng Amerikano vs. Kastila (American vs. Spanish Colonization)

Vocabulary flashcards contrasting the Spanish (1565–1898) and American (1898–1946) colonial periods in the Philippines across government, religion, education, and economy.

Panahon ng Kastila (Spanish Period)

The colonial period lasting from 1565 to 1898 (over 300 years) characterized by Catholic evangelization, friar influence, and galleon trade.

Gobernador-Heneral

The head of the colonial government during the Spanish period, which operated alongside the strong influence of the friars (prayle) and the Catholic Church.

Education Decree of 1863

The 1863 order during the Spanish colonial era that mandated the establishment of primary schools.

Kalakalang Galyon (Galleon Trade)

A major component of economic livelihood during the Spanish colonial period, alongside taxes and tribute (buwis at tributo) and agricultural products.

Panahon ng Amerikano (American Period)

The colonial period spanning from 1898 to 1946 (approximately 48 years) marked by civil government, public schooling, and infrastructure modernization.

Civil Government (Pamahalaang Sibil)

The system of governance established by the Americans that gradually gave Filipinos limited opportunities to participate in government.

Separation of Church and State (Paghihiwalay ng Simbahan at Estado)

The principle instituted during the American era under which Catholicism remained widespread while several Protestant denominations also spread.

Thomasites

The group of American teachers who arrived in the Philippines in 1901 to teach in the newly opened public school system using English as the medium of instruction.

American Colonial Infrastructure and Trade

The economic developments under American rule that improved roads, bridges, and communications and expanded trade, tying the Philippine economy more closely to the United States (Estados Unidos).

Pagkakatulad (Similarities of Colonial Rule)

Both the Spanish and the Americans ruled as foreign powers, established governing policies, and heavily influenced Filipino culture, education, government, and livelihood.