A World of Regions: The Global Divides

Vocabulary flashcards covering key definitions, colonial legacies, economic and social disparities between the Global North and Global South, global market impacts, and relevant UN Sustainable Development Goals.

North–South Divide

The long-standing economic, social, and political gap between the world's more developed and industrialized countries (Global North) and the less developed countries (Global South).

Global North

The region comprising more developed and industrialized countries that typically possess diversified economies, strong institutions, higher living standards, and the ability to influence global governance.

Global South

The region comprising less developed countries facing challenges such as limited industrial capacity, dependence on primary exports, structural vulnerabilities, and limited contribution to global governance.

Colonial Mentality

The perception that one's identity is inferior compared to foreign culture and ethnicity.

Racism

The behaviors or attitudes that reflect and foster the belief that race is a fundamental determinant of human traits, where differences make one (1) superior.

Discrimination

The unjust (or prejudicial) treatment of different categories of people, particularly with their ethnicity, age, sex, or disability.

Unequal Trade Relationships

Trade patterns imposed by colonizers that benefited their own economies, resulting in enduring economic disparities between former colonizers and former colonies.

Age of Exploration Trade Division

The historical era where Portugal and Spain practically divided the world into the East (Spain-centric) and West (Portugal-centric).

Global North Economic Characteristics

High per capita income, easy access to technological advancement, and employment sectors focused on technology, finance, and manufacturing.

Global South Economic Characteristics

Low per capita income, difficult access to technological advancement, and employment sectors that are agriculture-focused, export-heavy, and labor-intensive.

Positive Impacts of Globalization

The creation of new economic opportunities via expanded markets, foreign investments, and technological advancements, as well as job generation and increased incomes.

Negative Impacts of Globalization

The exacerbation of poverty through widened income inequalities, challenges competing with advanced economies, job losses in traditional sectors, and increased vulnerability for marginalized populations.

Cold War Interventions in Latin America

Foreign-backed coups, civil conflicts, and military regimes driven by U.S. and Soviet influence during the Cold War that weakened democratic institutions and entrenched political repression.

Digital Divide in Latin America

Disparities in internet access and connectivity between urban and rural areas, as well as across socioeconomic groups, affecting access to information, education, and economic opportunities.

Philippine Structural Economic Vulnerabilities

An economy closely tied to external markets, limited industrial diversification, historical land concentration, weak labor protections, and reliance on low-value export sectors and remittances.

SDG 1: No Poverty

A United Nations Sustainable Development Goal aimed at eradicating extreme poverty globally and ensuring that all people have access to basic resources, services, and economic opportunities.

SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities

A United Nations Sustainable Development Goal focused on addressing inequalities within and among countries by empowering marginalized groups, promoting social protection systems, and ensuring equal access to resources and opportunities.