Week 8 Medical Terminology

rhin/o, nas/o

Nose

sinus/o

Sinus

pharyng/o

Pharynx

laryng/o

Larynx

trache/o

Trachea

bronch/o

Bronchus

bronchiol/o

Bronchiole

pneum/o, pneumat/o

Air or lung

pneumon/o, pulmon/o

Lung

pleur/o

Pleura

thorac/o

Chest or thorax

alveol/o

Alveolus

capn/o

Carbon dioxide

ox/o, oxy

Oxygen

steth/o

Chest

stern/o

Sternum or breastbone

tonsill/o, amygdal/o

Tonsil

tuss/o

Cough

a-

without

dys-

Difficult or abnormal

brady-

Slow

tachy-

Rapid

hyper-

Excessive or above normal

hypo-

Deficient or below normal

spir/o, -pnea

Breathing

-oxia

Oxygen condition

-capnia

Carbon-dioxide condition

-thorax

Condition involving the chest or pleural cavity

Apnea

Temporary cessation or absence of breathing

Bradypnea

Abnormally slow breathing rate

Dyspnea

Difficult or uncomfortable breathing

Orthopnea

Shortness of breath that occurs or worsens when lying flat

Tachypnea

Abnormally rapid breathing rate

Ventilation

Movement of air into and out of the lungs

Hypoventilation

Inadequate ventilation that does not remove enough carbon dioxide

Hyperventilation

Ventilation that exceeds the body's metabolic needs, typically lowering blood carbon dioxide

Hypocapnia

Abnormally low carbon dioxide in the blood

Hypercapnia

Abnormally elevated carbon dioxide in the blood

Hypoxia

Inadequate oxygen at the tissue level

Hypoxemia

Abnormally low oxygen level in arterial blood

Bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchi

Bronchiolitis

Inflammation of the bronchioles

Pneumonia

Infection of lung tissue that causes inflammation, usually involving the alveoli

Pneumothorax

Air in the pleural space, which may cause partial or complete lung collapse

Pleuritis or pleurisy

Inflammation of the pleura

Atelectasis

Incomplete expansion or collapse of lung tissue

Asthma

Chronic inflammatory airway disorder with variable airflow narrowing

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Chronic disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation

Emphysema

Damage to alveolar walls with enlargement of the distal air spaces

Pulmonary embolism

Blockage of a pulmonary artery or branch, commonly by a blood clot

Rhinorrhea

Nasal discharge

Epistaxis

Nosebleed

Hemoptysis

Coughing up blood from the respiratory tract

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes associated with inadequate blood oxygenation

Sputum

Material coughed up from the lower respiratory tract

Antitussive

Medication or agent that suppresses coughing