LVQ Panel Questions - Electrical Safe Practices

Identify Which Individuals at a site are covered by OSHA 1910.331-335

Everyone at the Lima Site is covered. The code applies to both Qualified and Unqualified or “Untrained” Personnel

Explain the key components of 1910.331

331 - Electrical Safe Work Practices for both the qualified (People who have the training and knowledge to work safely on electrical installations) and unqualified individuals who may be exposed to electrical hazards.

Explain the key components of 1910.332

332 - Requirement for ensuring that employees are trained to recognize and avoid electrical hazards. This includes providing appropriate safety training and enforcing safety-related work practices.

Explain the key components of OSHA 1910.333

333 - Safety-Related Work Practices, SHALL BE employed to prevent electric shock or other injuries resulting from direct or indirect electric contact when work is performed near or on equipment which are or may be energized. The safe practices should be consistent with the nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards

Explain the key components of OSHA 1910.334

334 - Portable Electric Equipment - This applies to the use of cord and plug connected equipment, including extension cords

Explain the key components of OSHA 1910.335

335 - Use of Protective Equipment. Employees working in areas where potential electrical hazards arise SHALL be provided with and SHALL use electrical protective equipment that is appropriate for specific parts of the body to be protected for the work that is done

Identify and Explain the physiological hazards of electricity

Shock, Burns, Arc Flash, Arc Blast

Shock - Explain It

When a person’s body completes current path between two energized conductors of a circuit or between an energized conductor and grounded surface. The effects of shock can vary from a tingle in your fingers to immediate cardiac arrest

Levels of Shock

1-8 mA = Mild

8-15 mA = Painful Shock

15-20 mA = Painful Shock (Cannot let go) with some involuntary muscle reaction, potentially causing cuts, bruises, bumps, or falls

20-75 mA = Painful Shock with loss of breathing control

100 mA and Above = Complete Loss of Muscle Control. Stoppage of Heart

Burns - Explain It

Most common shock related injury. They occur when electric current flows through tissue or bone, generating enough heat that causes tissue damage.

Arc Flash - Explain It

A Product of short-circuit current and clearing time of protective devices or the length of the arc’s duration. Not Voltage Sensitive, low voltage equipment can still generate higher arc energy than just from a high voltage source. Damage is burns, potentially severe

Arc Blast - Explain It

Rapid expansion of the air caused from an arc, also called an electrical explosion. Caused by two sources, the expansion of metal skipping straight from solid state to boiling/vaporizing and the heating of the air due to arc.

Severe Burns, Ruptured Ear Drums, Collapsed Lungs, Inhalation of Vaporized Metals into self. Life-Threatening

Explain The First Aid Response for Dealing With Shock Victim

Call 5566, Disconnect Power Source, IF you cannot disconnect - Use Wood, dry felt, or non-conductive material to remove victim from circuit

Explain Factors that determine severity of electrical injury

1. Path of Current Flow - Depending on where the path travels through you, whether that be through the heart or nervous system OR less severe damage if it just travels through soft tissue and muscle

2. Current Level - Current Level determines the degree of damage by how much of tissues are destroyed in combination with duration of the heating of tissue

3. Time - Amount of time the path is traveling through you

Explain The Difference between an arcing and bolted fault

Arcing - One that starts and is maintained through an air gap

Bolted - Passes through normally conductive material

Difference - Bolted Faults currents have higher current levels because less resistance. Arcing Faults can be intermittent

Identify and Explain Different Approach Boundaries

Limited Approach Boundary - Minimum distance between unqualified individuals and potentially energized exposed conductors.

LAB Distance - 48” or the limit of the Flash Hazard Boundary when Flash Hazard is present

Flash Approach Boundary - Minimum distance from potentially exposed, energized conductors that require a qualified person to wear Flash Hazard PPE. Varies based on the available fault current for panel

FAB - Minimum distance at 48”

Restricted Approach Boundary - Minimum distance from potentially exposed, energized conductors that require a qualified person to wear Shock Hazard PPE.

RAB - Less than 50v - NO restriction, 120v = 1 Foot, 480v = 1 foot

Prohibited Approach Boundary - Minimum distance from potentially, energized conductors under which electrical work practices must be followed. NO Non-Insulated Tools allowed past this boundary

Explain the Info that goes into a flash hazard calculation

Voltage Level, Available Fault Current, Upstream protection faults interrupting and clearing time. Voltage and the AFC determine amount of Arc energy available, clearing time determines how long the fault will exist. The flash hazard boundary is set at distance required to have the cal/cm2 energy at a level that will ONLY result in 2nd degree burn

Identify Situations in Which Non-Qualified can enter a LAB

Working under direct supervision of an LVQ Individual and wearing appropriate PPE. The qualified must verify the equipment is de-energized and equipment is lo/to by both individuals, this is to let both people aware of hazards on equipment and to help enable training of the non-qualified individual

Explain Requirements to establish panel as “Touch Safe”

“Incapable of being inadvertently touched or approached nearer than the RAB” If access through an insulated guarding with a diameter of ¼ or less the energized part is considered not exposed and installation shall be considered “Touch Safe”

NEC Requirements - working clearances, dedicated equipment space

30in - Wide or Width of panel, 6’ 6” of height, and 36” of clear space when 120V or 480V without grounded surface. 42” out from 480V to grounded surface. 48” When panel across may be open with exposed conductors at same time

Dedicated Equipment space - 6’ Above top of electrical panel, MCC, or Power Distribution Panel (PDP)

Demonstrate the procedure to properly conduct an Electrical LO/TO for maintenance

I. Test Meter (Verify test equipment and operation works)

II. Isolate Circuit (Open Switch)

III. Place Lock and Tag on Switch (No one can reenergize equipment now)

IV. Verify Circuit is no longer energized using same testing equipment as step 1

V. Verify Test Equipment on Live Circuit after completion

Demonstrate Response to a Tripped Low Voltage Fuse or Circuit Breaker

1 Determine source of overcurrent condition (Wiring defect, Equipment Failure, Jam on Equipment)

1.2 Repair or Correct condition which caused the overcurrent condition

1.3 Reset Circuit breaker or replace fuse for circuit

MUST fix cause of breaker or fuse blowing before resetting or replacing

Explain The Response to a tripped LV Substation Breaker

A.) Operation of substation breaker always requires two LVQ Individuals, Operation of MV switch requires two qualified individuals, one being a MVQ

B.) In Event of this occurring, the PC&IS Leader or electrical system owner must be notified/contacted. Breaker cannot be re energized without source of fault being fully determined

C.) If not found, start isolating each downstream load from breaker. The cables (Each one) must be checked using meggar, only after each cable is checked can the main breaker be closed, each load needs brought back up one at a time

Explain function and operation of safety ground cluster

They connect three phases of circuit to each other and to ground in order to provide a low resistance current path to ground for any energy source that could be energized while work is being done.

Ground clusters are intended to equalize the voltage across the three phases and provide the lowest resistance path to ground to force protection upstream and clear fault without electrocution. Ground clusters that experience an event where upstream protection was activated, they must be replaced regardless

Steps:

1. Ground cluster is attached to the ground bus or cable

2. Each residual or accidental energy in each phase conductor is drained to ground by contacting each phase with a lead to ground cluster using a hot stick

3. After they are all drained, the three unconnected ground cluster leads can be clamped, one at a time to the phase conductors, one per phase

4. Only when all three are applied can the flash hazard PPE be removed

Identify People who can apply ground clusters AND Application of such

A.) Can only be executed by MVQ Individuals, two must be present for applying of Ground Clusters, one can be outside of FAB

The Following 13kV and 480V Equipment must be grounded before work can begin

• Plant Main Iso Switches

• Substation Busses and Breakers

• Substation Transformers (Primary and Secondary)

• Primary Disconnects

• MV MCC Bus

• 13kV Busses and Iso Switches

Define - Energized Work

Maintenance, Adjustment, or Repair of components or conductors that are electrically energized at 50V or greater.

Also - Work being done on other circuits within the prohibited approach boundary of other energized conductors is considered energized work

Identify Classes of Flash Hazard

Class 0, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 4

Class 0 PPE

Long Sleeve (100% Cotton), Hearing Protection, Safety Glasses, Leather protective work boots, dielectric gloves with leather protectors

• 0-2cal/cm2

• Live 50V or more w/ curable burn distance of less than 14”

Class 1 PPE

Nomex IIIA Shirt and Denim Pants, Hearing Protection, Face Shield, Leather Boots, Dielectric Gloves with leather protectors

• Minimum 4 cal/cm2 FR Clothes

• Live 50V or more with a curable burn distance of 14-18”

Class 2 PPE

Endura Ultrasoft coverall or Nomex Shirt/Pants w/ Nomex lab coat, hearing protection, 8 cal/cm2 Balclava and safety face shield or Minimum 8cal/cm2 face hood, Leather boots, Gloves with leather protectors

• Minimum 8cal/cm2 FR Clothing

• Live 50V or more with curable burn distance over 18”

Class 3 or 4 PPE

40 cal/cm2 FR Clothing, including hood, pants, jacket, hard hat, safety glasses, hearing protection, leather work boots, gloves with leather protectors

• 40cal/cm2 Full Suit

• Live 50V or more with curable burn distance of greater than 18”

Identify Components of Shock Hazard PPE

Comprised of Appropriate Voltage rated glove protection and use of insulated tools. Used any time an individual crosses the RAB as defined by maximum voltage present in the equipment

Demonstrate the ability to read and interpret the NFPA70 PPE table 130.7

The laminated PPE selection table provided at the end of the basic electrical level 3 training.

You need this table in order to select appropriate PPE to be used when working on a piece of equipment, which does not have a flash hazard analysis done or not labelled on equipment a proper PPE class rating

Determine the procedure for inspecting LV Gloves prior to usage

Gloves are to be removed from bag with finger side facing up to ensure no debris gets into gloves and visually inspected for any holes or defects in them. They are then to be inflated and pressed out to see if you hear or see the gloves deflate due to air holes. They must be inspected prior to each use, and they get replaced quarterly (Red to Black)

Sent to a test lab where they are tested to ensure no holes are in them, bad ones are thrown out

Demonstrate the proper procedure for inspecting and use of insulated tools

Check for defects in the insulated areas of the tools, usually insulated tools will have two layer insulation and different colors to determine when a defect is in the insulation, those tools must be replaced immediately when damaged

Explain the electrical safety incident reporting requirements for P&G Lima

All shock incidents must be reported to your safety functional leader immediately and site ESO within 24 hours

Any trip substation breakers or MV protective devices be reported to ESO within 24 hours

Any incidents where fuses or breakers have tripped or activated on a given circuit more than once need reported

Conduct an Electrical Safety BOS

Use the electrical safe practices to audit an electrical job looking for compliance with PPE, use of insulated tools, Appropriate LAB markings, use of correct tools, and appropriate LO/TO

Locate a Copy of Site’s electrical safe practices

Located in Level 3 Basic Electrical Training Manual

Located At the Safe Practices located on the L-Drive

In the Site Safe Practices Book in HSE Offices

Explain Site’s Requirements for electrical maintenance LO/TO, Mechanical LO/TO, and Operational LO/TO

See the LIMA PLANT ELECTRICAL SAFE WORK PRACTICES PAGES 9-2

LVQ Qualification Allows you to operate on what voltage range?

LVQ - Up to 1kV allowed