Community Exam II

Which domain of learning focuses on a person's attitudes, values, and motivation?

Affective Domain.

What is important while using the psychomotor domain?

Teach-back method.

When will a person be motivated to change their behavior?

When they perceive their behavior as a risk to their health.

What reading level should take-home materials for an adult health education program be written at?

A 6th-grade reading level.

Identifiers of low literacy include:

• Asking very few questions

• Unable to give a coherent sequential medical history

• Identifying pills by looking at them

• Not reading labels

When does the contemplation stage in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) happen?

When people are aware of their unhealthy behavior and are considering making change,

What does the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) recognize?

People are at different stages of readiness when it comes to making changes.

Benefits of providing feedback about what the person is doing correctly

Is likely to have a positive influence on their adoption of a new behavior

Knowle's Adult Learning theory includes:

• Planning and carrying out one’s own learning activities

• Using past experiences to help with current learning

• Applying learning immediately

Levin’s stages of change theory includes:

• Unfreeze

• Change

• Refreeze

Someone who weighs 234 pounds is ordered Lovenox 1mg/kg SQ.

How many milligrams will they receive?

• Convert pounds to kilograms

234 ÷ 2.2 = 106.36 kg

106.36 kg × 1 mg = 106.36 mg

Aminophylline 200 mg po q 6 hours; child weighs 44 pounds; Manufacturer recommends 20 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses. Is the prescribed dose within the safe range?                                    

• Convert pounds to kilograms

44 ÷ 2.2 = 20 kg

20 kg × 20 mg = 400 mg/day

400 ÷ 4 = 100 mg per dose

• Prescribed: 200 mg every 6 hours

• Safe dose: 100 mg every 6 hours

Not within the safe range

The prescribed dose is too high (200 mg instead of 100 mg per dose).

Valium 4 mg has been prescribed. An ampule is labeled 5 mg/ml, how many ml should the nurse administer?

4 mg ÷ 5 mg = 0.8 mL

The patient is ordered to receive NPH insulin (Humulin N insulin) 32 units by subcutaneous (SQ) injection at 0700 daily

The 0700 fingerstick blood glucose is 288 mg/dL. The sliding scale is as follows:   

                       <180 mg/dL                 0 units

                       181-240 mg/dL            4 units regular insulin SQ

                       241-300 mg/dL            8 units regular insulin SQ

                       301-350 mg/dL            12 units regular insulin SQ

                       >400 mg/dL                  Call MD for orders

How many total units of insulin should the nurse draw into the syringe for the 0700 dose

• NPH (Humulin N) = 32 units.

• Blood glucose = 288 mg/dL

• Sliding scale 241–300 mg/dL = 8 units regular insulin.

32 units NPH + 8 units regular insulin = 40 units

Symptom of Chlamydia

Water mucoid urethra discharge in men.

Symptom of Syphilis

One or more chancre sores.

Symptoms of Herpes Simplex Type 2

• First outbreak may have genital lesions

• Flu-like symptoms

Symptom of Gonorrhea

Urethritis with purulent penile discharge.

Symptom of Human Papilloma Virus

Pink, soft cauliflower-like genital warts

What is a political movement driven by community members called?

Grassroots Movement.

What is the first step in being a policy making advocate?

• Locating the correct level

• Juridiction where an idea can be introduced

Fidelity means…

Staying true to what you promise to do.

Maintaining ethical personal and professional behavior involves focusing on?

• Using ethical principles

• Evaluating one’s own values and morals

• Using the ANA Code of Ethics for guidance

Is an employer-funded Blue Cross Blue Shield program considered private or public health insurance?

Private insurance

Medicare A covers?

The primary portion of the stay at the facility.

What insurances are associated with those who have been in the         military?                                                                                                                                           

• Champ VA

• Tri-Care

Which population does the Affordable Care Act (ACA) aim to help by making private health insurance coverage more accessible?

Working adults who do not have health insurance, such as a 32-year-old working 30–40 hours per week.

Medicaid is for?

• Low-income children and adults

• Individuals with disabilities who require medical and long-term coverage

• Low income senior adults who require assistance with health and long-term care expenses

Class 1 of Tuberculosis (TB)…

Been exposed but no active disease.

The intranasal flu vaccine is approved for which age groups?

Healthy individuals aged from 2 to 49.

How can we help reduce the spread of West Nile Virus?

Eliminating standing water.

Symptoms of Hepatitis A

• Fever

• Malaise

• Anorexia

• Nausea

• Abdominal discomfort

How does lice spread?

Head-to-head contact during activites.

Syphilis can present as?

• Palmer rash

• Several weeks of feeling lousy

What is cross immunity

Immunity to one disease prevents another disease as well.

Lead poisoning: who is the host, what is the agent, and what is the environment?

Host: Toddlers

Agent: Lead

Environment: Dirt

Which prevention method is recommended for diseases that are directly transmitted?

Isolation measures.

What is the most common STI?

Chlamydia.

Lyme’s Disease is transmitted by?

A vector.

Common disease vectors:

• Mosquitoes

• Fleas

• Cockroaches

Which type of disease is first reported to a local helath department?

Communicable Disease.

What is an incidence rate?

The count that looks at new cases that develop in a population.

The chain of causation includes:

• Infectious agent

• Reservoir

• Portal of exit

• Mode of transmission

• Portal or entry

• Suscepticle host

TB

• Infectious agent- Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Reservoir- Infected person

• Portal of exit- Respiratory secretions (coughing)

• Mode of transmission- Airborne droplets/nuclei

• Portal of entry- Respiratory tract (inhaling TB particles)

• Susceptible host- Person who can become infected

Example of portal of entry:

A tick bite.

Individual who most likely had penetration as the portal of entry…

• IV drug user of Heroin

• Who has hepatitis C

What should be monitored when a patient takes INH for TB?

Liver function tests.

Health inequities are related to…

factors which may be modified or changed.

Social determinants of health can influence...

Individual and community health outcomes.

What is upstream thinking?

Addressing root causes rather than symptoms of a health problem.

A community health nurse is planning a program for those living in a senior living community to address the role of exercise in promotion of physical and mental wellness in the older adult. In 5-6 sentences below, please provide a brief plan to address this community health nursing initiative including and explaining: (1) one level of prevention, (Primary, secondary or Tertiary) (2) one domain of learning (cognitive, affective, or psychomotor) and (3) one learning style (visual, kinesthetic/tactile, or auditory) of your choice.

The community health nurse will create an exercise program for older adults that focuses on improving physical and mental wellness. This program will use primary prevention by encouraging regular exercise to prevent health problems such as heart disease, falls, and depression. The psychomotor domain will be used by having participants practice simple exercises, stretching, and balance activities. A kinesthetic learning style will be used because participants will learn best by physically performing the exercises. The nurse will demonstrate each activity and provide assistance when needed to ensure safety. The goal is to help older adults stay active, improve their strength and balance, and support their mental health.