Honors Physiology - Muscle quiz

Striations in skeletal muscle tissue are formed by alternating bands of thin and thick ___

filaments

The functional subunit of skeletal muscle tissue is called a ___

sarcomere

The plasma membrane of a muscle fibers is called a ___

sarcolemma

The contractile proteins that extend the length of the myofibril are known as ___

actin & myosin

Of the three types of muscle tissue, ________ and its associated connective tissues are what compose most of the muscular system

skeletal muscle

When you remove the skin from an animal, the whitish covering over the muscle layer is the ____

epimysium

Individual muslce fibers are bundled into groups called ___

fascicles

The connective tissue covering a whole muscle extends beyond its body to form a tough, white cord called ____

tendons

A muscle tendon is able to attach to the surface of a bone because of the bone's ____

periosteum

The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is ___

the storage and release of calcium

Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle

perimysium

just deep to the deep fascia

epimysium

contractile unit of muscle

sarcomere

a muscle cell

fiber

thin connective tissue investing each muscle cell

endomysium

plasma membrane of the muscle cell

sarcolemma

a long filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded appearance

myofibril

actin-, myosin-, or titin-containing structure

myofilament

cordlike extension of connective tissue beyond the muscle, serving to attach it to the bone

tendon

a discrete bundle of muscle cells

fascicle

dispersed through muscle fibers, supply energy needed for muscle contraction

mitochondria

network of tubes that run parallel to the myofilaments

sarcoplasmic reticulum

tubes that run perpendicular to the filaments

T-tubules

The boundary between sarcomeres

Z-line

The protein found in thick filaments

myosin

The protein found in thin filaments

actin

A bunch of muscle fibers all packaged together forms a ____

fascicle

The connective tissue layer surrounding a fascicle is the ____

perimysium

Individual muscle fibers are surrounded by the ____

endomysium

Tendons function to attach

muscles to bones

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores ___

calcium

The repeating unit that runs end to end along a myofibril is __

sarcomere

The functional unit of skeletal muscle is called ___

sarcomere

The smallest in cross sectional area

myofilament

The structure that carries the excitatory neural impulse from the sarcolemma to the sarcoplasmic reticulum is the ____

T-tubule

Thick filaments contain ____ while thin filaments contain ____ (__, ___)

myosin, actin

Muscle fibers are ___

amitotic

Means the cells do not divide / perform mitosis

amitotic

How does minor skeletal muscle damage repair?

uses satellite cells to fuse and regenerate

How does major skeletal muscle damage repair?

fibrosis → replaces damaged cells with scar tissue which doesent function the same

What is the significance of the function of T-tubules?

extensions of sarcolemma to allow action potentials deep into muscle fibers

What functions as the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber?

sarcoplasm

sarcoplasm contains a lot of ___. Why?

glycogen - which is used to make ATP

sarcoplasm contains a lot of _____. Why?

Myoglobin - which provides oxygen to make ATP

What cell does muscle tissue have a lot of and why?

Mitochondria - makes ATP needed to do work, muscles do a lot of work

What is the importance of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

stores calcium in relaxed state and releases calcium for contraction

What is a summary of myosin protein?

achieves movement, converts chemical energy (ATP) into mechanical energy

What is a summary of actin protein?

Has myosin binding sites

What is a summary of tropomyosin?

wraps around myosin, binding site on actin

What is a summary of troponin?

holds tropomyosin in place

What is a summary of titin?

anchors / stabilizes myosin