chromatin structure and epigenetics

the study of heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by cganbfes tge the dna sequence

epigenetics

epigenetic changes in the genome that do not edpend on nucleotide sequence

epigenome

two examples of epigenentic marks include ____ ____ modifications and ____ histone _____.

covalent dna, covalent modifications

are changes in nucleotide bases an example of the epigenome

no

dna modification by adding methyl group to cytosine residues

methylation

the pattern of methylation of cytosines that is copied during cell division

maintenance methylases

Maintenance methylases recognize _______ DNA sites and add an additional methyl group on the ____ strand

hemi-methylated, opposite

method for analyzing dna methylation (lab technique)

bisulfite sequencing

structures that most dna is packaged into

nucleosomes

the three major ways histones are modified

methylation, acetylation, phosphorlation

“writer” enzyme (hint: HAT)

histone acetyl transferase

“eraser” enzyme (hint: HDAC)

histone deacetylase

two developmental phases that dna methylation levels peak at the end of

gametogenesis, embryogenesis

can dna methylation affect gene expression

yes

what do activators do

recruit other factors

what displaces nucleosomes so transcription factors can bind

transcriptional activators

function of chromodomain

binds methylated lysine

function of bromodomain

binds acetylated lysine

do gtfs/tfiids recognize basal promoter elements well when they are bound in a nucleosomw

`no

enzyme that can be either coacrtivators or corepressors

histone kinase

technique for analzing where chromatin marks are located on the genome

chip

the temporal order in which distinct segments of the genome are replicated

replication timing