Quiz on Respiration, Lithotrophy, and Photolysis

Exam 3

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

lithotroph

receives electrons from inorganic molecules

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

organotroph

receives electrons from organic molecules

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

phototroph

electrons are excited by photons

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

chemotroph

electrons are obtained from highly reduced molecules

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

autotroph

performs carbon fixation

Match each type of organism with its corresponding energy source based on the descriptions in our course module.

heterotroph

depends on other organisms to fix carbon into sugar

Match each type of condition that establishes the proton motive force in bacteria with its characteristic. 

charge and pH gradient

6 protons in the periplasm; 2 protons in the cytoplasm

Match each type of condition that establishes the proton motive force in bacteria with its characteristic. 

charge gradient only

4 potassiums and 2 protons in the periplasm; 2 protons in the cytoplasm

Match each type of condition that establishes the proton motive force in bacteria with its characteristic. 

pH gradient only

6 protons in the periplasm; 4 potassiums and 2 protons in the cytoplasm

When pyruvate is converted to lactate, pyruvate is ___

reduced

When pyruvate is converted to lactate, NADH + H is ___

oxidized

Methanogens directly create methane from ____ and ____ . 

CO2

H2

Please match the cell type with the location of its electron transport system.

human cells

mitochondrial inner membrane

Please match the cell type with the location of its electron transport system.

Gram-positive bacteria

plasma membrane

Please match the cell type with the location of its electron transport system.

Gram-negative bacteria

inner membrane

The strongest electron donor that was discussed in our module is ____

NADH + H

the strongest electron acceptor is ____

oxygen

After being energized to a higher energy state in a chlorophyll molecule a high energy electron leaves the chlorophyll molecule and enters the photosynthetic electron transport system. When an electron leaves a chlorophyll molecule, what must happen before the chlorophyll molecule can be used again?

The electron-deficient chlorophyll must have its electron replaced

In the Z pathway of oxygenic photosynthesis:

All of these choices

(water is split to form oxygen gas,

electrons from water flow through electron transport chains resulting in the synthesis of ATP and NADPH,

photosystems I and II are both required)

The production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate as protons enter the bacterial cytoplasm from the periplasmic space through a membrane-bound ATP synthase is an example of:

Oxidative phosphorylation

Protons are pumped across the membrane when ___ retinal is converted to ____ retinal.

trans

cis

Carbon fixation requires both ATP and NADPH + H.  These are respectively produced by ___ and ____.

photosystem II

photosystem I

The proton motive force can

all of these choices

(provide energy to rotate flagella,

provide energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient,

provide energy to pump out antibiotics using efflux pumps,

interact with F1F0-ATPase to create ATP)

Under high oxygen conditions, E coli uses ___ to receive electrons from NADH + H and ___ to receive electrons quinones.

NDH-2

Cyt bd

In contrast, under low oxygen conditions, E. coli uses ___ to receive electrons from NADH + H and ___ to receive electrons from quinones.

NDH-1

Cyt bo

Please match the description of aquatic water quality with the type of organism found this layer of water. 

H2O/oxic

aerobes

Please match the description of aquatic water quality with the type of organism found this layer of water. 

sub-oxic anaerobic

manganese reducers

Please match the description of aquatic water quality with the type of organism found this layer of water. 

sulfidic

sulfate reducers

Please match the description of aquatic water quality with the type of organism found this layer of water. 

methanic

methanogens