prof 11

chapter 10

Anaphylaxis

An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered antigen.

Anemia

A condition in which the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin is deficient.

Angiography

A procedure to x-ray blood vessels.

Angioplasty

A procedure in which an occlusion is mechanically widened with a balloon.

Angioscope

Instrument used for visual examination of blood vessels.

Angioscopy

Endoscopic examination of blood vessels.

Arteriogram

An x-ray of arteries.

Arteriosclerosis

The generalized loss of compliance; “hardening of the arteries”.

Atherectomy

Excision of fatty plaque.

Atherosclerosis

A hardening of the arteries that involves the accumulation of fatty plaque.

Chemotaxis

Movement in response to chemicals

Diapedesis

The migration of blood cells through the intact walls of blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.

Embolus

An obstruction such as a blood clot or plaque that blocks the flow of blood in an artery or vein.

Endarterectomy

Excision of plaque from within the artery.

Endothelium

Epithelium that lines vessels in the lymphatic and cardiovascular systems.

Epiphyses

The wider section at the end of long bones.

Hematocrit

A lab test which measures the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of whole blood.

Hematologist

A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating blood disorders.

Hematology

The study of blood and blood-forming issues.

Hematoma

A pool of mostly clotted blood that forms in an organ, tissue, or body space.

Hemolysis

The breakdown of red blood cells.

Hemopoiesis

The process by which the body produces blood.

Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding.

Hemostasis

The process by which the body seals a ruptured blood vessel to prevent further blood loss.

Hypertension

Abnormally high blood pressure.

Hypothermia

Abnormally low body temperature.

Hypothyroidism

The disease state caused by insufficient production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland.

Hypovolemic

An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body.

Hypoxemia

Below-normal level of oxygen saturation of blood (typically <95 percent).

Hypoxia

Lack of oxygen supply to the tissues.

Intravenous

Into or within the vein.

Ischemia

Lack of blood flow to body tissues.

Leukocytopenia

An abnormal decrease in the number of leukocytes.

Lupus

A chronic, inflammatory, connective tissue disease that can affect the joints and many organs.

Lymphadenitis

Inflammation of lymph nodes.

Lymphadenopathy

Disease or swelling of the lymph nodes.

Lymphoma

A form of cancer in which masses of malignant T and/or B lymphocytes collect in lymph nodes, the spleen, the liver, and other tissues. These leukocytes do not function properly, and the patient is vulnerable to infection.

Myeloma

Cancer that arises in plasma cells.

Myelopoiesis

Formation of bone marrow.

Pancytopenia

A condition in which there is a lower-than-normal number of red and white blood cells and platelets in the blood.

Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein.

Phlebotomist

A medical professional trained to draw blood, typically by performing a venipuncture of a surface vein of the arm.

Phlebotomy

A procedure in which a needle is used to take blood from a vein, usually for laboratory testing.

Plasmapheresis

A procedure in which a machine is used to separate the plasma from the blood cells.

Pneumothorax

An abnormal collection of air in the space between the thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and the chest cavity that can cause all or part of the lung to collapse.

Splenectomy

Excision of the spleen.

Splenomegaly

Enlarged spleen.

Sphygmomanometer

A blood pressure cuff attached to a measuring device, or gauge.

Thrombocytopenia

A condition in which there is an insufficient number of platelets.

Thrombocytosis

A condition in which there are too many platelets.

Thrombophlebitis

Inflammation of a vein that occurs when a blood clot forms.

Thrombosis

The formation of unwanted blood clots.

Thrombus

Aggregation of fibrin, platelets, and erythrocytes in an intact artery or vein.

Thrombolysis

The process of breaking up a thrombus that is blocking blood flow.

Thymectomy

Excision of the thymus gland.

Thymoma

Tumor of the thymus gland.