History test Nov 1 number 2

Queen Elizabeth

Queen Elizabeth I was born in 1533 and became Queen of England in 1558 after Mary I died. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Her reign lasted until 1603 and was known as the Elizabethan Era. Important events included the Middle Way in 1559, which brought a religious compromise between Catholics and Protestants, and the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. She never married and was known as the Virgin Queen.

Mary of Scots

Mary, Queen of Scots, was born in 1542 and became Queen of Scotland when she was six days old. She was Elizabeth I's cousin and a Catholic who had a claim to the English throne. In 1567, she was forced to give up her Scottish throne. In 1568, she escaped to England but Elizabeth imprisoned her for 19 years. She was executed in 1587 because of her involvement in a plot against Elizabeth.

The Spanish Armada

The Spanish Armada was a fleet sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588. He wanted to overthrow Elizabeth I because England was Protestant and Spain was Catholic. The English navy attacked using faster ships and fireships. Bad weather and storms also damaged the Spanish fleet. The invasion failed, making England stronger and increasing Elizabeth's popularity.

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He was a famous English playwright, poet and actor during the Elizabethan Era. He wrote famous plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and Macbeth. His plays were performed at the Globe Theatre, built in 1599. Shakespeare died in 1616, but his work is still famous today.

The Globe Theatre

The Globe Theatre was built in London in 1599 by Shakespeare's theatre company. It was an open-air theatre where people from different social classes watched plays. Poorer people stood near the stage and were called groundlings. Women were not allowed to act, so men played female characters. The theatre was destroyed by fire in 1613, rebuilt in 1614, and closed in 1642.

British Empire

The British Empire was a collection of countries and territories controlled by Britain around the world. It grew through exploration, trade, wars and colonisation. Britain gained territories in Africa, Asia, North America and Australia. The empire gave Britain wealth, resources and power. It reached its largest size in the 1920s, after the First World War, but gradually became smaller as countries gained independence, including India in 1947.

1558

1559

1567

1587

1588

1599

1613

1603

1920s

1947

1558	Elizabeth becomes queen

1559	Middle Way and religious settlement

1567	Mary abdicates

1587	Mary is executed

1588	Spanish Armada defeated

1599	Globe Theatre built

1613	Globe Theatre catches fire

1603	Elizabeth dies; James I becomes king

1920s

British Empire reaches its greatest size

1947	India gains independence