UGA GEOG1111 Chapter 10

Deflation

________ blows away non- cohesive loose sediment.

Ventifact

________- rock that bears evidence of wind sculping (erosion)

Blowout

________ depressions- removal of loose sediment leading to shallow basins.

Cutbank

________- where the river does a turn, usually a steep wall above the river.

Oxbow

________ lake- isolated lake which is no longer connected to the main channel.

Point bar

________: across from cutbank, usually just sandy with no water.

aerodynamic lift

Saltation: transport of grains along ground, ________, bounce and impact.

sea level

Changes in ________ expose a range of coastal landforms to tidal and wave processes.

Abrasion

________: sandblasting by wind- blown grains.

Solution

________- all the salt dissolved within the water.

Capacity

________- total amount of sediment the stream can transport.

Mitigation of beach

________ erosion: stabilizing native plants, sand fences, walkways.

Alluvial terraces

________- step- like paired at similar elevations.

Ripples

________: smallest features shaped by individual saltating grains.

Surface creep

________: impact of grains pushing other larger particles forward.

Yardang

________- rocks exposed to abrasion over long periods of time; appear pitted, fluted, polished.

Traction

________: pushing /rolling large materials on the floor.

streams

Meandering ________: found on floodplains, much less steep gradient, much less energy.

Competence

________- the ability to move particles of a specific size.

larger materials

Wind is most effective at picking of sand, as opposed to ________.

Drainage basins

________ are the unit we use when we describe river systems.

Peak

________- flow: precip event in water shed, function of the amount, location, and duration of event.

Angle of repose

________: steepest angle at which slope is stable (30- 34 degrees)

Avalanche slope

________: constant addition of sand allows it to tumble down from the crest & migrate.

Dune

________: accumulation of sand, shaped by wind.

Deltas

________- mouth of river reaches base- level à decrease in velocity à sediments deposited.

Sediment load

________ consists of multiple different types- its a function of topography.

Overland flow

________: thin sheet of water flowing downslope.

Rectangular drainage

________: Associated with really jointed geology, channels flow along joints.

Ocean

________ absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere, forms carbonic avid, and reduces ocean pH.

Base level

________: the level below which a stream can not erode its valley.

Drainage density

________ is determined by dividing the total length of all stream channels in the basin by the area of the basin.

Deflation

________- Removing and lifting individual loose particles.

Abrasion

________- Grinding rock surfaces by "sandblasting, "all the sand erodes bigger things.

sea level

The quantity of ice locked up in ice sheets can increase & decrease and result in ________ changes accordingly.

Dunes

________ vary in shape and size depending on directional variability & strength of the wind, the sand supply, and the presence of vegetation.

Base level

the level below which a stream cannot erode its valley

Overland flow

thin sheet of water flowing downslope

Radial drainage

found around mountains & volcanoes

Rectangular drainage

Associated with really jointed geology, channels flow along joints

Capacity

total amount of sediment the stream can transport

Bed load

material that is too large & too heavy to be dragged along the streambed

Solution

all the salt dissolved within the water

Traction

pushing/rolling large materials on the floor

Saltation

bouncing along the channel

Meandering streams

found on floodplains, much less steep gradient, much less energy

Cutbank

where the river does a turn, usually a steep wall above the river

Oxbow lake

isolated lake which is no longer connected to the main channel

Alluvial terraces

step-like paired at similar elevations

Deltas

mouth of river reaches base-level à decrease in velocity à sediments deposited

Hydrographs

Stream height over time

Base-flow

dry season, low water flow

Peak-flow

precip event in water shed, function of the amount, location, and duration of event

Deflation

Removing and lifting individual loose particles

Abrasion

Grinding rock surfaces by "sandblasting", all the sand erodes bigger things

Blowout depressions

removal of loose sediment leading to shallow basins

Abrasion

sandblasting by wind-blown grains

Ventifact

rock that bears evidence of wind sculping (erosion)

Yardang

rocks exposed to abrasion over long periods of time; appear pitted, fluted, polished

Saltation

transport of grains along ground, aerodynamic lift, bounce and impact

Surface creep

impact of grains pushing other larger particles forward

Ripples

smallest features shaped by individual saltating grains

Dune

accumulation of sand, shaped by wind

Live dunes

bare of vegetation, dynamic

Fixed dunes

inactive, covered in vegetations

Angle of repose

steepest angle at which slope is stable (30-34 degrees)

Avalanche slope

constant addition of sand allows it to tumble down from the crest & migrate

Barchan dune

concentric circles, horn pointed down, found in areas with constant wind and limited sand

Parabolic dune

opposite of Barchan, Crescent-shaped dune with opening end facing upwind, vegetation is stabilizing the sand and creates a parabolic shape

Transverse dune

Long, sinuous dune with asymmetrical ridge and only one slipface