Sexual orientation and identity

Legalization of homosexuality in Canada

1969

Removal of homosexuality from the DSM

1973

Ego dystonic homosexuality (distress from being gay)

In the DSM until 1987

World health organisation removed from homosexuality from the ICD in…

1990

Conversion therapy became illegal in Canada in…

2022

Separation of sexual and gender identity is ________ and the distinctions are not __________

western, universal

The gender unicorn

Gender identity (feeling), gender expression (showing), sex assigned at birth, physical attraction and emotional attraction

Intersex

Wide variation in the manifestation of intersex (chromosomal, hormones, internal genitalia, external genitalia)

Do intersex people have legal protection of their bodily autonomy in canada

No, section 268(3) explicit exemption for physicians to perform genital normalization on children

Early sex assignment surgeries may cause…

physical and psychological trauma

Two spirit

Indigenous people who have been endowed with male and female spirits, dress in M or F attire and marry as they chose

Two spirit people are culturally

revered and able to take on important M and F related tasks

Colonization subjected 2S traditions to…

cultural genocide

Indigiqueer

Term for sexual and gender diversity used by some indigenous people

Eradication of 2S identity and knowledge during colonization (documentary)

Wanted the resources/land so aimed to ruin the link between people and their spirit to weaken them

Queer

Historically pejorative but reclaimed language

Used as non-label for sexual and gender diverse people

Minority stress theory (MEYER)
Differences in prevalence of mental health problems among non-hetero and non-cis populations can largely be explained as a…

consequence of social stigma and specific stressors

Minority stress theory (MEYER)

Distress experience by members of minoritized groups is the result of a…

prolonged stress which leads to psych dysfunction/impairment over time

Minority stress theory (MEYER)

Social exclusion = + stress exposure = weakened emotion regulation, strained relationships and reduced support = cognitive distortions/negative mindset = + vulnerability to psychopathology

Microaggression

Subtle forms of discrimination like antisocial or demeaning messaging, towards marginalized groups

Microagressions are often…

unconsciously or unintentional

Accumulation of demeaning or degrading human interactions has consequences on…

an individuals’ ability to feel safe, accepted and valued in society

Micro-assault

Deliberate, intentional and explicit attacks intended to harm
Ex. hate speech, slurs, avoidant behaviour, misgendering, deadnmaing

Micro-insult

Un/intentional, subtle, hidden insults

Ex. You don’t look gay, which one of you is the guy, etc

Micro-invalidation

Un/intentional/verbal/negative feelings/thoughts/experiences of a person

Ex. you’re being over sensitive, it was just a joke