APWH CH 24

Industrial Revolution

________ gave motives and means for taking over Asia and Africa.

Science industrial advantages

________ led to European competition between states.

Head hut taxes

________ must be paid from ivory, palm nuts or wages.

Safer conditions

________- health care /segregated living quarters.

Tropical dependencies

________- small of Europeans rule a ton of locals.

Apex of European Imperialism

Unequal Combat: Colonial Wars and the ________.

Change in goods

no longer spices/mfg goods, but natural resources for machines

1840 exported more than imported

finally, people want to buy Europe stuff

Initially limited interest of Europeans to control regions

too expensive

Communication realities prevented centralized control

led to local administration

B. Prototype

The Dutch Advance on Java

Later

backed Mataram sultans in intertribal conflicts

C. Pivot of World Empire

The Rise of the British Rule in India

Later

backed territorial claims, princes used Europeans to settle disputes

1700s

France/Britain in 5 wars, British won them all, but US

Key battle

1757 Plassey

a. Madras, Bombay, Calcutta

administrative centers of three presidencies

Some Indians liked fighting for British

uniforms, weapons, pay, treatment

Kept Hindu caste system

refused entry to missionaries

But…nabobs

corrupt British leaders who made money while overseas

a. in 1770 Bengal famine kills 1/3 population

obvious reforms needed

b. Evangelical religious revival

reform the heathens

d. Get rid of sati

1830s

i. w/ help from western educated Indian leaders

Ram Mohun Roy

Changes

transplanted Western industrial/political revolutions

Beginning 19th century

Britains navy makes dominant

c. Markets for manufactured goods

needed to keep economies growing

a. improved communication

telegraph

b. extension of the vote

universal manhood suffrage

Unequal Combat

Colonial Wars and the Apex of European Imperialism

c. Metallurgy

mass production of mobile artillery

Patterns of Dominance

Continuity and Change

Tropical dependencies

small of Europeans rule a ton of locals

White Dominions

huge % of land, low % of population

Third type

settlement colony variation

b. West/East Africa

Animists and Christians vs. Muslims

c. These divisions called "tribes"

dehumanizing

But…education not as pushed in Africa

racism

Lack of college graduates

lack of a middle class

Learned from mistakes

educated classes in other colonies start revolts

Safer conditions

health care/segregated living quarters

ii.Discouraged interaction with locals

brothels attended less

d. Notions of white racial superiority

late 19th century

Ranking of races put whites on top

Darwinism gone wrong

So whats the point in interacting

you really cant change them

a. Congo

flogged and killed if didnt reach quotas

Not killed off by disease

immunities built up over time

Come into contact with established Bantus

Zulus and Xhosa

Ran themselves until diamonds were discovered

1867

Agents of change

whalers, merchants, missionaries, administrators

New Zealand/Hawaii

large native populations

Accommodation

combined some old with new

Changed agriculture

used Western tools/practices to farm

Discovered by Captain James Cook

Spanish

1. not enslaved

racism not as big a deal

c. Western culture exported

manners, fashions, literary forms, entertainment

But…western trained locals became leaders of future revolts

nationalists