DH200 Exam #3 Molars

most posteriorly placed posterior teeth of permanent dentition: distal to premolars

permanent molars

each dental arch usually has how many molars?

6

how many molars in each quadrant if all have erupted

3

what are the 3 types of molars

1st molars, 2nd molars, 3rd molars

1st molar are called _________ molars because of eruption time

6-year

2nd molars are called _________ molars because of eruption time

12-year

extremely variable in eruption time as well as in anatomic size and form

3rd molars

eruption of this usually marks end of growth of the jaws

3rd molars

only _________ dentition has 3 types of molars

permanent

__________ dentition only has 2 types of molars

primary

all 3 types of molars erupt in order distal to primary 2nd molars: long after all primary teeth have erupted and functioning T or F

true

all permanent molars are ___________ because they do not replace any primary teeth

nonsuccedaneous

having largest and strongest crowns molars assisted by premolars: function in _______ food during mastication

grinding

grinding function possible because molars have wide occlusal surfaces with more pronounced ________

cusps

when viewed from buccal or lingual: molars’ crown outline for both arches __________ or 4-sided with only 2 parallel sides

trapezoidal

longer of 2 parallel sides toward _________ surface

occlusal

1st molar overall largest: 2nd and 3rd molar each progressively smaller T or F

true

each molar has extremely large ______ compared with rest of permanent dentition: but crown shorter occluso-cervically in contrast to teeth anterior to it

crown

like all posteriors: molars have occlusal surface with usually 3 or more cusps with at least _______ buccal cusps

2

each buccal surface of molar has distinct buccal _________

ridge

in addition to cusps: occlusal table of molar bordered by __________ ridges and __________ ridges

cusp, marginal

grooves and pits located not only on occlusal surface of both maxillary and mandibular molars: but also on _________ surfaces of maxillary molars

lingual

maxillary molars usually have how many roots?

3

molars like other teeth: originate as single root on base of crown

root trunk

area between 2 or more of these root branches: before they divide from root trunk

furcation

spaces between the roots at furcation

furcation crotches

mandibular molars have how many root branches?

2

grooves and pits located not only on occlusal surface of both maxillary and mandibular molars: but also on ______ surfaces of mandibular molars in some cases

buccal

what horizontal component can be measured and classified by using Naber probe within periodontal pocket

furcation involvement

can be used for risk assessment for any questionable teeth: but especially those cases involving molars

allows clinician improved level of confidence in diagnosis and thus treatment planning

CBCT

root features of furcations, furcation crotches, and root concavities of molars can lose their periodontal support in varying degrees resulting in furcation involvement

advanced periodontal disease

__________ and other deposits can be retained in exposed furcation crotches and root concavities: leading to further periodontal disease

dental biofilm

molars are lost to advanced periodontal disease more than single rooted teeth partially due to presence of _________: with greater risk of molar loss when extremely deep

furcations

therefore furcation crotches and root concavities on these molars: easy periodontal instrumentation and performance of homecare in area due to ease of access T or F

false

distinct buccal ___________ on molars: also presents challenges during periodontal instrumentation or restoration within cervical area

ridge

molars similar to incisors: may be affected within embryo with syphilis

microorganism may cause localized enamel hypoplasia

mulberry molars

disturbance that occurs during tooth development with berry-like tubercles

mulberry molars

developmental disturbance associated mostly with molars: spherical deposits of enamel located apical to CEJ

enamel pearl

these can extend into root furcation areas as cervical root projection (cep)

enamel pearl

making surgical extraction and endodontic treatment challenging

dilaceration and taurodontism

developmental disturbance allows deep developmental grooves when molar roots fuse

root fusion

can function as hidden niches to accumulate deposits not easily accessible to either periodontal therapy or homecare procedures

root fusion

put in order the prevalence of permanent molars with root fusion occurs highest to lowest

Max 2nd, Mand 2nd, Max 1st, Mand 1st

usually 1st permanent teeth to erupt into maxillary arch

maxillary permanent molars

shorter OC than crowns of teeth anterior to them but larger still in all other measurements than other maxillary teeth

maxillary permanent molars

for all maxillary posteriors: proximal crown outline ____________ or 4-sided but with only 2 parallel sides from each proximal view

trapezoidal

crown centered over the root and shows no lingual inclination

maxillary permanent molars

_________ never present on mandibular molars

oblique ridge

oblique ridge present on______________

max 1st and 2nd permanent molars

type of transverse ridge crosses occlusal table obliquely

formed by union of triangular ridge of DB cusp and distal cusp ridge of ML cusp

oblique ridge

usually the largest and longest root for all maxillary molars

lingual root

usually have only 2 root branches because: bifurcated

mandibular permanent molars

usually have 3 root branches or trifurcated

maxillary permanent molars

usually 3 furcations located on buccal, mesial, distal surfaces

maxillary permanent molars

all furcations on maxillary teeth usually begin near junction of _________ 3rds of the root

cervical and middle

presence of lingual pit on lingual surface: at increased risk of caries

due to both increased dental biofilm retention and other deposits: as well as thinness of enamel forming walls of lingual pit

maxillary permanent molars

roots may penetrate middle and posterior parts of max sinus: as result of accidental trauma or during EXT

maxillary permanent molars

most common teeth of permanent dentition to be involved in concrescence

maxillary permanent molars

union of root structure of 2 or more teeth through cementum only

concrescence

when do maxillary first molars erupt and root completion?

6-7, 9-10

when do maxillary second molars erupt and root completion?

12-13, 14-16

when do maxillary third molars erupt and root completion?

17-21, 18-25

which tooth is the first to erupt in the maxillary arch?

max 1st molars

not having primary predecessors

all permanent molars are this

nonsuccedaneous

the roots 2x as long as crown

lingual (or palatal) root largest and longest: inclining lingually to extend beyond crown outline, has banana-like curvature toward buccal

max 1st molars

both MB and DB roots have extreme curvature that when viewed together makes them look like handles on set of pliers

max 1st molars

a crown or root with angular distortion

dilaceration

a tooth with an enlarged pulp chamber and short roots

taurodontism

fusion of molar roots can create deep developmental ___________ that retain deposits

grooves

how long after mandibular molars erupt does the corresponding maxillary molar erupt?

6 months to 1 year

are wider BL than MD

maxillary permanent molars

occlusal crown outline - rhomboidal

buccal view outline - trapezoidal

max 1st molars

occlusal crown outline - rhomboidal or heart shaped

buccal view outline - trapezoidal

max 2nd and 3rd molars

all molars have a _____________ proximal outline shape

trapezoidal

occlusal crown outline - pentagonal

buccal view outline - rhomboidal

mand 1st molars

occlusal crown outline - rectangular or trapezoidal

buccal view outline - rhomboidal

mand 2nd molars

occlusal crown outline - oval

buccal view outline - rhomboidal

mand 3rd molars

when do mandibular first molars erupt and root completion?

6-7, 9-10

when do mandibular second molars erupt and root completion?

11-13, 14-15

when do mandibular third molars erupt and root completion?

17-21, 18-25

max 1st, mand 2nd, and mand 3rd have how many cusps?

4

how many cusps do mandibular 1st molars typically have?

5

how many cusps do maxillary 3rd molars typically have?

3

maxillary 2nd molars typically have how many cusps?

4, maybe 3

maxillary molars are _________ over their root

centered

maxillary first molar roots are larger and more _________ than max second

divergent

which max 1st molar root is the shortest and smallest?

DB root

the buccal furcation is how many mm apical to the CEJ of a max 1st molar

4

the mesial furcation is displaced toward the ____________, this approach is best for instrumentation and home care

lingual

the pulp cavity of a max 1st has 1 pulp horn for each major cups and how many main pulp canals?

3

this cusp is the largest major cusp of max 1st molar

ML

this cusp is the smallest major cusp of max 1st

DL cusp

a 5th accessory cusp is associated with the max 1st molar

cusp of carabelli

where is the cusp of carabelli located on a max 1st molar

lingual of ML cusp

the central fossa of the max 1st molar lies ______ to the oblique ridge and contains the central pit

mesial

the junction of the mesial and distal developmental grooves of a max 1st molar

central pit

loss of a max 1st molar causes the max 2nd molar to drift mesial and the opposing mand 1st to ____________

overerupt/supraerupt

the distobuccal surface may accumulate supragingival deposits because it is near the opening of what gland?

parotid

are generally narrower than max 1st molar increasing the chance of root fusion on a max 2nd molar

furcation crotches

this cusp on a max 2nd molar is generally smaller and shorter than on the max 1st molar and may be absent

DL cusp