Colonial Independence

Colonial Independence

Colonies gaining autonomy, 1945-1989.

Zionism

Nationalist movement for Jewish homeland.

British Mandate of Palestine

Commission for Palestine administration; separate homelands.

Partition of Palestine

Division into Jewish and Arab sections.

Exodus 1947

Ship of Holocaust survivors protesting immigration limits.

Suez Crisis

1956 conflict; Egypt blocks canal.

Six Day War

1967 conflict; Israel captures territories.

Yom Kippur War

1973 surprise attack by Arab nations.

Apartheid

Racial segregation in South Africa, 1948-1989.

Salt March

1930 protest against British salt laws.

Mohandas Gandhi

Leader of Indian independence; non-violence advocate.

Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

Founded 1964 for Palestinian statehood.

Hamas

Militant group governing Gaza Strip.

Cold War

Geopolitical tension: Soviet Union vs. USA.

Ceylon

Former name of Sri Lanka; independence in 1970s.

Kenya Independence Movement

1963 rebellion against British rule.

Kashmir Conflict

Dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

Angola Independence

1975 struggle from Portuguese rule.

Israeli Wars

Conflicts over territory and recognition.

Post-Holocaust Migration

Movement of Jewish survivors to Palestine post-WWII.

Mandate System

Governance of territories post-WWI.

Ghana Independence

First African nation independence, 1957.

Guinea Independence

1958 independence from France.

West African Independence Movements

Mid-20th century independence wave.

Jomo Kenyatta

First President of Kenya.

Mau Mau Uprising

Kikuyu rebellion against British, 1950s.

Independence in the Congo

1960 independence from Belgium, political turmoil.

Home Rule

Devolution of power in South Africa.

The Raj

British rule in India, 1858-1947.

Partition of India

1947 division into India and Pakistan, mass displacement.

Bangladesh Independence

Independent from Pakistan in 1971.