Muscles and Bones (Foot)

Dorsum (extensor) muscles

1.Extensor digitorum brevis

2.extensor hallucis brevis

Extensor digitorum brevis

Extends digits 2-4

Extensor hallucis brevis

Extension of digit 1 (big toe)

Plantar Muscles (layer 1)

1.Flexor digitorum brevis

2.Abductor hallucis

3.Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digitorum brevis

Flexes digits 2-5

Abductor hallucis

Abduction and flexion of digit 1 (hallux)

Abductor digiti minimi

Abducts and flexes the fifth digit (little toe)

Plantar muscles (layer 2)

1.Quadratus plantae

2.Lumbricals

Quadratus plantae

Flexion of the digits; works with flexor digitorum to push toes down

Lumbricals

Flexes the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPs), extends proximal interphangeal joints (PIP) and distal interphalangeal joints (DIP)

Plantar muscles (layer 3)

1.Flexor hallucis brevis

2.adductor hallucis

3.flexor digiti minimi brevis

4.opponens digiti minimi

Flexor hallucis brevis

Flexes (MIP) of the big toe (hallux)

Adductor hallucis

Adduct digit 1 (hallux/big toe)

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Flexes (MTP) joint of the fifth toe

Opponents digiti minimi

Flexes pinky; draws metatarsal medially down

Plantar muscles (layer 4)

1.Dorsal interossei

2.Plantar interossei

Dorsal interossei

Flexion of MIPs joints of digits 2-4; and extension f proximal (PIP) and distal (DIP) joints of digits 2-4

Plantar interossei

Adduction of digits 3-5; flexion (MIPs) joints of digits 3-5; extension of proximal (PIP) and distal (DIP) joints of digits 3-5

MIP

Joint that connects long metatarsal bones to proximal phalanges

PIP

Middle joint of finger located between first and second bone of phalanges

DIP

Joint closest to the tip of finger

Bone groups of foot

1.Metatarsal

2.proximal

3.middle

4.distal