Honors Biology Cell Structure & Function/Material Exchange Learning Targets

golgi apparatus

The ________ is found in both plant and animal cells as well.

Passive transport

________ is when materials move across the cell membrane and down the concentration gradient without using cellular energy.

Size

________ impacts the way materials are exchanged across the cell membrane because smaller molecules can be difficult to diffuse across the cell membrane, and increased surface area of the cell may speed up diffusion.

Polarity

________ impacts the way materials move because polar molecules can not pass through the membrane, while nonpolar molecules can pass through easily because of the nonpolar phospholipid tails of the lipid bilayer.

Water

________ will not flow in or out of the cell.

Eukaryotic cells

________ have a nucleus, have DNA in the nucleus, and can be multicellular but dont have to be (ex: plant & animal cells)

Active transport

________ is when molecules move across the cell membrane using cellular energy (in the form of ATP) and can move against the concentration gradient.

hypertonic solution

A(n) ________ is where there is more solute within the solution than in the sac membrane, so water is drawn out of the sac and the cell shrinks.

structure of the plasma membrane

2 pts. The ________ is a fluid, and it is a phospholipid bilayer.

cell membrane

The ________ is present in both plant and animal cells.

cell membrane selects

The ________ particles that have to be the right size, charge, and solubility to pass through.

isotonic solution

A(n) ________ is where the solution /concentration of solutes is the same both inside and outside the sac; there is a balance /equilibrium, so the cell stays the same /is unaffected.

hypotonic solution

A(n) ________ is where there is less solute within the solution than in the sac membrane, so water flows into the cell, causing expansion and swelling.

nonpolarity of phospholipid tails of the membrane prevent

The ________ charged particles like ions from going in but allow the passage of fat- soluble molecules.

cytoplasm

Its located outside the cell, and its function is to protect the cell and control the entry /exit of substances. The ________ is present in both plant and animal cells.