lab 4 quiz

Macromolecule

large, complex molecule essential for life.

Monomer / monomeric subunit

smaller molecule/unit used to make a macromolecule

Covalent bond

type of chemical bond identified in the presentation as linking monomeric units

Colorimetric biochemical assay

A test that uses a visible color result to identify a target molecule/molecular group

Positive control

A control with the treatment known to be present.

Negative control

A control with the treatment known to be absent.

Monosaccharide

A simple sugar; examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Disaccharide

A carbohydrate formed from linked monosaccharides; sucrose is an example.

Polysaccharide

A carbohydrate made from many linked sugar units; starch and glycogen are examples.

Hydrophobic

Insoluble in water; used in the presentation to describe lipids.

Amino acid

A building block of proteins.

Peptide bond

The bond linking amino acids in proteins.

Nucleotide

The monomeric unit of DNA and RNA.

carbohydrates role

body’s main source of energy

lipids

insoluble in water (hydrophobic)

lipids examples

fats oil waxes

lipids functions

energy storage, cell membrane structure, hormone production

positive lipid result

two layers form and red dye concentrations in top layer

proteins made of

amino acids

essential amino acids

obtained through diet, body cannot produce on its own

amino acids linked by what bonds?

peptide bonds

positive biuret result

pink/violet

nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

monomeric unit of nucleic acids

nucleotide

Benedict’s assay

reducing/simple carbohydrates

Lugol’s iodine assay

polysaccharides/plant starch

sudan IV assay

lipids

biuret assay

proteins/peptide bonds

diphenylamine assay

DNA

blue Benedict’s solutions that changes color

reducing sugar test, detects simple/reducing carbohydrates

yellow/brown to bluish-black with iodine

plant starch, lugol’s iodine tests for polysaccharides

two layers and red dye in top layer

lipid, sudan IV fat soluble and concentrates with lipids

pink/violet with biuret

protein, reacts with peptide bonds

blue with diphenylamine

DNA, this detects DNA