Range of motion mobility and exercise

Range of motion (ROM)

The amount of movement possible at a joint.

ROM exercises

Exercises that move joints through their available range of motion.

Mobility

The ability to move independently or with assistance.

Immobility

Limited or absent ability to move.

Contracture

Permanent tightening of muscles, tendons, or other tissues that limits joint movement.

Joint stiffness

Difficulty moving a joint freely.

Muscle weakness

Reduced muscle strength that can make movement and daily activities harder.

Fall risk

The likelihood that a person will fall.

Physical activity

Movement that uses energy, including walking and exercise.

Balance

The ability to maintain body position and stability.

Endurance

The ability to continue physical activity over time.

Frailty

A state of reduced physical reserve that makes a person more vulnerable to stress and illness.

Physical reserve

The body's ability to respond to physical demands and stress.

Benefits of exercise

Exercise can improve balance, strength, endurance, bone health, heart health, glucose control, and arthritis symptoms.

Importance of mobility

Movement helps maintain strength, joint function, balance, and independence.

Reduced mobility complications

Reduced movement can contribute to weakness, contractures, and increased fall risk.

Normal aging and strength

Muscle strength may decline with age, but older adults can still improve strength and physical performance through activity.

Sudden functional decline

A sudden change in a person's ability to move or perform daily activities should be evaluated promptly.

Abnormal exercise symptoms

Severe shortness of breath or chest pain during exercise should not be considered a normal part of aging.