Engineering Programming [COMBINED SET]

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Reference a specific cell only (does not reference cell relative to it)

IF Statement

=IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

Nested IF Statement

Used for more complicated criteria (e.g. assigning different grade % a letter mark)

Counts number of cells within range that meet a condition

=COUNTIF(range, criteria)

Counts number of cells in range

=COUNTA(value)

Adds cells within a range that meet a condition

=SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) 

Calculates average of cells within a range that meet a condition

=AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, sum_range)

Returns value in same row for a specific value

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, range_lookup)

Returns value in same column for a specific value

=HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, range_lookup)

Returns value based on value of another cell

=SWITCH(value to switch, value_1, return_1, value_2, return_2, ...)

Finds exact or approx value

Range_lookup = TRUE/1 in V/HLOOKUP

Finds only exact value

Range_lookup = FALSE/0 in V/HLOOKUP

Typesetting

Typing symbols and numbers in exact notation in excel

\

Goes before name of symbol to typeset

Generate integer within range

=RANDBETWEEN(lower, upper)

Freeze Panes

Keep certain rows/columns visible at all times (have to select row/column no. + 1)

Conditional Formatting

Styles cells in a certain way (i.e. colour, font, font weight) based on certain conditions

Returns nth largest value in set

=LARGE(array, n)

Integer

Numeric data type without fractions (e.g. 300, 0, -4)

Float

Numeric data type with fractions (e.g. 34.67, 56.9)

Character

Single letter, digit, punctuation, symbol, or blank space (e.g. a, 1, !)

Boolean

True or false values, true = 1, false = 0

Primitive Data Type

Smallest units of data, atomic

Composite Data Type

Built around primitive data types

String

Sequence of characters, digits, or symbols (text)

Array

List of a number of elements of the same type in a specific order

List

Collection of elements of the same or different type

Less memory usage, better for large numeric datasets

Benefits of array over a list

Pointers

Blocks of memory that are dynamically allocated are managed/stored

Tuple

An ordered collection used to store multiple items in a single variable

Dictionary

A list with assigned key:value pairs

Image Data

Every pixel localised with 2 coordinates. For RGB, pixels have values for red, green and blue channels.

Multispectural Images

3-10+ channels, produces data cube

Variable

A name location in memory

Variable Requirements

Starts with character/underscore, only contains alphanumeric characters or underscore, caps sensitive

Operands

Parts of an equation that operations are performed on (e.g. for 10 × 2 = 20, 10 and 2 are operands)

%, modular

Operator that finds remainder in division

//, floor

Operator that divides and rounds down

**

Exponential

==

Comparison of two sides of equation that returns a Boolean

!=

Inequality operator (opposite of ==)

>=

Greater than or equal to

<=

Less than or equal to

*=

Returns output back to variable

Casting

Turning an element of a certain type into a different type (if possible)

int()

Turns float/string into integer

float()

Turns int/string into float

str()

Turns int/float into string

Parameter

Required input into function that makes function work, in brackets after function

Argument

User input of function that is assigned to a parameter

Keyword Arguments

Argument is directly assigned to parameter (e.g. id=”a1234567”), order does not matter

Positional Arguments

Argument assigned to parameter by order of writing (e.g. “a1234567”)

*args

Packs multiple positional arguments into a tuple

**kwargs

Packs multiple keyword arguments into a dictionary

and

Joins two conditions, conjunction (both must be true for a resulting true value)

or

Disjunction, only one of two conditions must be true for a resulting true value

not

Inverse of condition(s)

Return Value

Function provides a value (i.e. computes it)

Void Function

Function without a return value

Header

Non-indented part of a function/block of code

Body

Indented part of a function/block of code

if/else function

if [condition]:
	[action]
else:
	[action]

if/elif/else function

if [condition]:
	[action]
elif [condition]:
	[action]
else:
	[action]

Gives type of item

type([item])

Assigns user input to variable

variable = input("[question]")

String

Type that user input returns

List

numbers = [1, 2, 3]

Array

numbers = np.array([1, 2, 3])

Place terms in order

list.sort()

Prints term in list

print(list[x])

Set value of term

list[x] = ...

Gives length of list

len(list)

Adds term at end of list

list.append([term])

Replaces value of term

list.insert([term], [replacing value])

Removes last term

list.pop()

Removes specific term

list.pop([term])

Clears list

list.clear()

Slices list

list[start:end:step]

Iteration

for [variable] in [list]:
	[action]

Iterator object

iter()

Gives numbers in range

range(start, stop, step)

Performs action for numbers in range

for i in range(start, stop, step):
	[action]

for loop

Executes a block of code for each element

while loop

Continuation of block of code until a certain criteria is met

Continues action for given condition

while [condition]:
	[action]

Terminates loop

break

Defines function

def function():
	[function]

Defines function with parameter

def function([parameter]):
	[function]

Generators integer between limits

random.randint([lower], [upper])

Import all functions from package

from [package] import *

Import specific function from package

from [package] import [function]

Import function with shorthand

import [package] as [shorthand]

Checks for type of argument

isinstance([variable], [type])

Shows error message

raise Value Error

Catches exception

try:
	[action]
except:
	[action]

Rounds to 2 decimal places

number:.2f

Rounds to 4 decimal places

number:.4f

User Friendly

Try/except error user friendliness

Not User Friendly

Raise error user friendliness

end=’ ‘

kwarg for print function that makes printing all on one line (rather than starting a new line each print instance)